多元主体协同治理的数据要素价值生态体系研究  

Research on the Value Ecosystem of Data Elements of Multi-subject Collaborative Governance

作　　者：林镇阳 陈荣源 郭明军[4] 赵蓉 杜乐 Lin Zhenyang;Chen Rongyuan;Guo Mingjun;Zhao Rong;Du Le(Department of Computer Technology and Science,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Institute of Big Data Rule of Law,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;School of Social Sciences,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Planning and Application Department of Big Data Development Department,National Information Center,Beijing 100038,China;School of Economics,Peking University,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学计算机技术与科学系,北京100084 [2]南京信息工程大学大数据法治研究院,南京210044 [3]清华大学社会科学学院,北京100084 [4]国家信息中心大数据发展部规划与应用处,北京100038 [5]北京大学经济学院,北京100081

出　　处：《技术经济》2024年第11期1-13,共13页Journal of Technology Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金“马克思主义政治经济学视阈下数据要素的确权、流通和收益分配研究”(23BKS031);2024年北京市博士后科研活动经费资助项目“面向场景驱动的农业数据银行动态机制及应用研究”(2024-ZZ-105)。

摘　　要：加快推进数据要素市场建设,激活市场发展“活力”和优化资源配置“秩序”,亟须构建多层次、多主体的数据要素生态体系及其中的市场激励和有效监管协同治理新机制,高效推动数据要素流通利用和价值释放,充分发挥数据作为新型生产要素赋能新质生产力发展的作用。基于此,本文在剖析数据要素市场的层级基础上,阐释了数据要素价值创造的经济理论逻辑和社会福利效应,构建了政府、供给方、需求方、平台及数据商五元主体的数据要素价值化协同治理模型;提出了打造“市场主导、政府引导、供需联动”的全过程、全链条数据要素流通交易多元联动共建的生态系统;探讨了不同阶段的监管重心及其变化转移,明确市场激励和政府有效监管之间的协同原则。最后,提出数据要素价值化过程的实施路径建议,以期推进数据要素的高标准供给、高效率流通、高水平应用和有效化监管,促进数据要素市场的高质量发展,赋能新质生产力。To accelerate the construction of data factor market,activate the‘vitality’of market development and optimize the‘order’of resource allocation.It is urgent to build a multi-level and multi-agent data factor ecosystem and its new mechanism of market incentive and effective supervision and collaborative governance,so as to effectively promote the circulation and utilization of data factors and the release of value,and give full play to the role of data as a new factor of production to empower the development of new quality and productivity.Based on this,the hierarchical structure of the data element market was analyzed,the economic theoretical logic and social welfare effects of data element value creation was explained,and a collaborative governance model for data element value creation with five main entities includin government,supply side,demand side,platform,and data merchant was constructed.Propose to build an ecosystem of“market led,government guided,and supply-demand linkage”throughout the entire process and chain of data element circulation and trading,with multiple linkage and co construction,in order to activate the development vitality of the multi subject and multi-level data element market and achieve high resource allocation efficiency of data resource elements.Explore the regulatory priorities and their shifts at different stages,and clarify the principles of synergy between market incentives and effective government regulation.Finally,propose implementation path suggestions for the process of data element valuation,in order to promote the high standard supply,efficient circulation,high-level application,and effective supervision of data elements,and achieve high-quality development of the data element market.

关 键 词：数据要素价值化 市场激励 政府监管 新质生产力 数据要素生态体系 

分 类 号：F124[经济管理—世界经济]