黑龙江地区牛猝死症病原分离鉴定及生物学特性分析  

Isolation Identification and Biological Characteristics Analysis of the Pathogen of Sudden Cattle Death Syndrome in Heilongjiang Region

作　　者：周增 王迪[1] 高萌萌 张旭[1] 赵帅 周玉龙[1] ZHOU Zeng;WANG Di;GAO Meng-meng;ZHANG Xu;ZHAO Shuai;ZHOU Yu-long(College of Animal Science and Technology,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163000)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学动物科技学院,大庆163000

出　　处：《中国奶牛》2024年第11期28-32,共5页China Dairy Cattle

基　　金：国家级重点支持领域大学生创新训练项目(202310223018)。

摘　　要：产气荚膜梭菌(Clostridium perfringens)是一种致病性细菌,也是一种重要的人畜共患病病原菌,能够引起动物坏死性肠炎、动物和人类食物中毒和牛的“猝死症”(Cattle Sudden Death Syndrome,CSDS)。2023年3-12月,黑龙江省某万头奶牛场母牛发生CSDS,为了明确其病原特征和耐药情况,本研究进行了产气荚膜梭菌分离鉴定,测定了其毒素基因以及抗菌药物敏感性。经鉴定后,从样本中分离出了14株产气荚膜梭菌,其中,有6株属于A型菌株,8株属于C型菌株。通过对这些菌株进行cpa、cpb、etx、iap、cpe、netB基因的检测,结果显示所有菌株的cpa毒素基因呈阳性,占比为100%,而cpb毒素基因的阳性占比为51.14%。药敏试验结果显示,这些产气荚膜梭菌菌株表现出较高的耐药性,其中87.5%的菌株对至少5类常用抗生素具有耐药性。特别是对磺胺甲唑、四环素和新霉素的耐药率均为100%。这些结果表明,产气荚膜梭菌在黑龙江地区某奶牛场A型和C型均流行,以C型为主,这些产气荚膜梭菌在抗生素治疗方面具有较高的耐药性,且都具有广谱耐药的特点。Clostridium perfringens(CP)is a pathogenic bacterium that can cause necrotizing enteritis,food poisoning and even death in animals.It is also an important zoonotic pathogen that can cause diseases such as food poisoning in humans and"Cattle Sudden Death Syndrome(CSDS)"in cattle.From March 2023 to September 2023,CSDS occurred in adult cows on 10,000 dairy farms in Heilongjiang Province.In order to clarify its pathogenic characteristics and drug resistance,this study conducted blood agar culture media,milk fermentation experiments,PCR and other methods to CP was isolated and identified,and its toxin genes and antibacterial drug susceptibility were determined.After identification,14 strains of CP were isolated from the samples.Among them,6 strains belong to type A strains and 8 strains belong to type C strains.By testing the cpa,cpb,etx,iA,cpe,and netB genes of these strains,the results showed that the cpa toxin gene of all strains was positive,accounting for 100%,while the positive cpb toxin gene accounted for 51.14%.Drug susceptibility test results showed that these CP strains showed high drug resistance,and 87.5%of them were resistant to at least 5 types of commonly used antibiotics.In particular,the resistance rates to sulfamethoxazole,tetracycline and streptomycin were all 100%.These results indicate that these CPs are highly resistant to antibiotic treatment.Both types A and C are prevalent in a dairy farm in Heilongjiang,with type C being the dominant type,and both have broad-spectrum resistance.

关 键 词：牛产气荚膜梭菌 毒素基因 耐药性 

分 类 号：S858.23[农业科学—临床兽医学]