乒乓球运动员时距知觉的优势特征及神经机制:来自ERP和EEG的证据  

Advantageous Characteristics and Neural Mechanisms of Temporal Duration Perception in Table Tennis Athletes Evidenced by ERP and EEG

作　　者：宋一锐 漆昌柱[1,2] 王淙一 刘嘉良 SONG Yirui;QI Changzhu;WANG Congyi;LIU Jialiang(Wuhan Sports University,Wuhan 430079,China;Huanggang Normal University,Huanggang 438000,China;Hubei University of Technology,Wuhan 430068,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉体育学院,湖北武汉430079 [2]黄冈师范学院,湖北黄冈438000 [3]湖北工业大学,湖北武汉430068

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2024年第9期23-30,共8页China Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31671161);“十四五”湖北省高等学校优势特色学科(群)资助项目(鄂教研[2021]5号)。

摘　　要：目的:探究不同时距刺激下,乒乓球运动员时距知觉的优势特征及其大脑皮层之间同步振荡的功能耦合特征。方法:选取22名乒乓球运动员作为专家组,22名普通大学生作为新手组。采用时间复制法,测量行为、事件相关电位(event-related potential,ERP)和脑电图(electroencephalogram,EEG)数据,通过sLORETA进行溯源分析和功能连接分析。结果:1)行为学结果显示,专家组时间复制的准确性和一致性更高。2)ERP结果显示,专家组诱发的CNV波幅显著大于新手组。3)溯源分析结果显示,与新手组相比,在短时距刺激下专家组大脑右侧颞叶区域激活水平更高;在长时距刺激下专家组大脑右侧额叶区域激活水平更高。4)功能连接分析显示,在α频段内,专家组短时距知觉在左侧额上回-中央旁小叶(8L-6L)和右侧额下回-颞横回(44R-41R)之间存在显著的功能连接;专家组长时距知觉在左侧三角部额下回与右侧额中回(44L-46R)、左侧内侧眶额叶与右侧三角部额下回(11,12L-44R)、左侧内侧眶额叶与右侧岛盖部额下回(11,12L-45R)之间存在显著的功能连接。结论:乒乓球运动员具有时距知觉的优势,其时间复制的准确性和一致性更高,对时距信息的感知处理更直接、自动化程度更高,这与额叶和颞叶区域的高度激活以及特定脑区间的功能连接增强密切相关。Objective:Exploring the advantageous characteristics of temporal duration perception and the functional coupling features of synchronous oscillation between cerebral cortex in table tennis players under different conditions of temporal duration stimulation.Methods:22 table tennis players were selected as the expert group,and 22 ordinary college students were selected as the control group.Time replication method was used to measure behavior,ERP and EEG data.Traceability analysis and functional connectivity analysis were performed by sLORETA.Results:1)Behavioral results showed that the expert group had a significant advantage in the accuracy and consistency of temporal duration perception.2)ERP results showed that the expert group evoked significantly greater CNV than the control group.3)Traceability analysis showed that,compared with the control group,the expert group had higher activation levels in the right frontal and temporal lobes under short-duration stimulation,and that the expert group had higher activation levels in the right frontal and precentral gyrus areas during the long-duration stimulation.4)Functional connectivity analysis revealed that in the alpha frequency,the expert group’s short-temporal duration perception had significant functional connections between the left superior frontal gyrus and paracentral lobule(8L-6L)and the right inferior frontal gyrus and transverse temporal gyrus(44R-41R);the expert group’s long-temporal duration perception had significant functional connections between the left inferior frontal gyrus and the right medial frontal gyrus(44L-46R),the left medial orbitofrontal lobe and the right subfrontal gyrus of the deltoid(11,12L-44R),and the left medial orbitofrontal lobe and the right subfrontal gyrus of the insula(11,12L-45R).Conclusions:Table tennis players have an advantage of temporal duration perception,with higher accuracy and consistency in temporal replication,and more direct and automated perceptual processing of temporal distance information,which is closely r

关 键 词：乒乓球 运动员 时距知觉 事件相关电位 脑电图 

分 类 号：G804.8[文化科学—运动人体科学]