煤气加热器积灰、腐蚀原因及应对措施分析  

Analysis on the Causes and Countermeasures of Ash Accumulation and Corrosion in Gas Heaters

作　　者：张茂 王方明 孟百宏 ZHANG Mao;WANG Fangming;MENG Baihong(Chongqing CISDI Thermal&Environmental Engineering Co.Ltd.,Chongqing 401122,China;Changjiang Chongqing Harbour and Waterway Engineering Investigation and Design Institute,Chongqing 401147,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆赛迪热工环保工程技术有限公司,重庆401122 [2]长江重庆航运工程勘察设计院,重庆401147

出　　处：《工业加热》2024年第11期72-75,共4页Industrial Heating

摘　　要：煤气锅炉空预器出口排烟温度一般在200℃左右,和同参数等级的燃煤锅炉相比,其热效率低了约3%~5%。为充分利用烟气余热,通常在空预器出口安装煤气加热器(煤加),降低排烟温度、提高煤气温度,从而提高锅炉热效率。热管式煤加在煤气发电工程中有着广泛的应用,但由于煤气和烟气中氯离子、酸性气体及SCR氨逃逸的影响,煤加普遍存在积灰和腐蚀的问题,影响了设备的使用寿命和发电机组的经济性。针对热管式煤加换热面积灰和腐蚀问题,分析了具体原因和危害,同时提出了相应的防治措施及实施建议,包括增设吹灰系统、控制氨逃逸、更换换热面材质及增设煤气脱水设施等,以提高煤加使用寿命,确保煤气锅炉的长期稳定运行。The exhaust gas temperature at the outlet of the air preheater of a gas-fired boiler is generally around 200 ℃, and its thermal efficiency is approximately 3 to 5 percentage points lower compared to coal-fired boilers of the same parameter. To fully utilize the waste heat in the flue gas, a gas heater is typically installed at the outlet of the air preheater, reducing the exhaust gas temperature and increasing the temperature of the coal gas, thereby enhancing the boiler's thermal efficiency.Heat pipe-type gas heaters are widely used in gas-fired power generation projects. However, due to the presence of chloride ions, acidic gases, and SCR ammonia slip in the coal gas and flue gas, these heaters commonly suffer from ash deposition and corrosion issues, which negatively impact the equipment's service life and the economic performance of the power generation unit.It addresses the specific causes and hazards of ash deposition and corrosion on the heat exchange surface of heat pipe-type coal gas heaters. Correspondingly, preventive measures and implementation suggestions are proposed, including the installation of sootblowing systems, controlling ammonia slip, replacing the heat exchange surface materials, and adding coal gas dehydration facilities. These measures aim to extend the service life of the gas heaters and ensure the long-term stable operation of the gas-fired boilers.

关 键 词：煤气加热器 积灰 腐蚀 

分 类 号：TB304[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]