母亲不同生态位菌群对顺产新生儿肠道菌群的影响及关键种群的传递  

Influence of maternal microbiota in different niches on neonatal intestinal microbiota of vaginally delivered neonates and the transmission of key microbial populations

作　　者：黄艳英[1] 赵全昊 赵哲[1] 孔菊 阿迪来木·多力坤 倪永清[2] HUANG Yanying;ZHAO Quanhao;ZHAO Zhe;KONG Ju;Adilaimu DUOLIKUN;NI Yongqing(The Fourth Division Hospital of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Yining,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 835000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]新疆生产建设兵团第四师医院产科,新疆维吾尔自治区伊宁835000 [2]石河子大学食品学院

出　　处：《中国微生态学杂志》2024年第10期1212-1218,共7页Chinese Journal of Microecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金-新疆联合基金重点项目(U1903205);新疆生产建设兵团重点领域科技攻关项目(2023AB050);新疆生产建设兵团南疆重点产业创新发展项目(2022DB008)。

摘　　要：目的 研究顺产母亲阴道、母亲粪便、母亲初乳及其新生儿胎便中的菌群组成,初步了解母婴不同生态位之间双歧杆菌、乳杆菌的传递情况。方法 收集新疆兵团第四师医院顺产分娩的20名母亲的粪便、阴道拭子、初乳样品及其新生儿胎便样品。提取各组样本细菌总DNA,使用高通量测序技术扩增各组DNA的16S rDNA V1-V3区,分析样本中菌群组成及差异,并利用双歧杆菌和乳杆菌特异引物扩增,使用USEARCH 11软件建立双歧杆菌和乳杆菌的数据集。采用FEAST溯源算法计算母亲粪便、阴道和初乳等3个生态位菌群对新生儿胎便菌群的贡献率。结果 测序结果发现,母亲阴道菌群Chao1指数最低,与新生儿胎便菌群Chao1指数相比差异显著(P<0.05)。在双歧杆菌和乳杆菌分析结果中发现,母亲阴道菌群结构与新生儿胎便菌群结构分离,母亲肠道与新生儿胎便共有的双歧杆菌和乳杆菌菌种最多,母亲初乳次之,母亲阴道最少。母亲肠道、母亲初乳和新生儿胎便3个生态位之间共有的扩增子序列变体(ASV)数量最多,新生儿胎便与母亲粪便菌群的相异指数最低(94.5%),母亲阴道与新生儿胎便的相异指数最高(99.8%)。母亲对新生儿胎便菌群的平均贡献率分别是母亲肠道(4.36%)、母亲初乳(1.61%)和母亲阴道(0.01%)。结论 母亲阴道菌群对顺产新生儿胎便菌群的影响较小,母亲肠道可能是新生儿胎便中双歧杆菌和乳杆菌的重要来源。Objective To explore the microbial composition in the vagina,feces,colostrum,and the neonatal meconium after vaginal delivery,and preliminarily understand the transmission of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli among different niches of mothers and newborns.Methods This study collected samples of the feces,vagina,colostrum,and neonatal meconium from 20 postpartum women who underwent vaginal delivery at the Fourth Division Hospital of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps.Extract the total DNA of bacteria from each group of samples,amplify the 16S rDNA V1-V3 regions using high-throughput sequencing technology,analyze the composition and differences of bacterial communities,use primers for specific GroEL genes to amplify those of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus,and establish datasets for Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus using USEARCH 11.The FEAST algorithm was used to calculate the contribution of maternal microbiota from three niches-feces,vagina,and colostrum to the neonatal meconium microbiota.Results It was found that the Chao1 index of the maternal vaginal microbiota was the lowest,and there was a significant difference compared to the neonatal meconium microbiota(P<0.05).In the results of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli,it was found that the structure of maternal vaginal microbiota was distinct from that of the neonatal meconium microbiota.The maternal gut shared the most species of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus with neonatal meconium,followed by the maternal colostrum,and the maternal vagina had the least.The mean contribution rates of mother to the fecal microbiota of newborn was maternal intestine(4.36%),maternal colostrum(1.61%),and maternal vagina(0.01%),respectively.Conclusion The influence of the maternal vaginal microbiota on the meconium microbiota of neonates born vaginally is relatively small,and the maternal gut may be an important source of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli in neonatal meconium.

关 键 词：阴道 肠道 初乳 胎便 菌群传递 

分 类 号：R714.3[医药卫生—妇产科学] R714.7[医药卫生—临床医学]