水平定向钻进坚硬地层孕镶金刚石钻头的研究与应用  

Development and application of impregnated diamond bit for horizontal directional drilling in hard formation

作　　者：胡立[1,2,3] 李俊萍 唐治建[3] HU Li;LI Junping;TANG Zhijian(Institute of Exploration Technology,CAGS,Chengdu Sichuan 611734,China;Intelligent Drilling Technology Innovation Center,China Geological Survey,Chengdu Sichuan 611734,China;Chengdu Huajian Geological Engineering Technology Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu Sichuan 611734,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院探矿工艺研究所,四川成都611734 [2]中国地质调查局智能钻探技术创新中心,四川成都611734 [3]成都华建地质工程科技有限公司,四川成都611734

出　　处：《钻探工程》2024年第6期85-90,共6页Drilling Engineering

基　　金：中国地质调查局地质调查项目“地质矿产勘查技术方法升级与应用”(编号:DD20243535)。

摘　　要：针对水平定向钻进坚硬地层效率低的问题,通过利用FeCoCu预合金胎体的硬脆性以及硬质颗粒碳化硅弱化胎体的特点,提高钻头的自锐性。采用分层结构设计,将高、低耐磨性胎体层沿钻头径向方向交替排布,其中高、低耐磨性胎体层厚度分别为2.5~3.5 mm和1.0~1.5 mm,可实现高、低耐磨性胎体层同步磨损,提高钻进效率。将FeCoCu预合金胎体和分层式胎体结构相结合,研制的孕镶金刚石钻头成功应用于水平定向钻进勘察工程坚硬钾长花岗岩地层,平均机械钻速0.8~1.5 m/h,钻头使用寿命为30~40 m。与普通同心圆尖齿钻头相比,机械钻速提高约1倍,寿命提高30%以上。Aiming at the low efficiency of horizontal directional drilling in hard formation,the self⁃sharpness of the bit was improved by the hard brittleness of FeCoCu pre⁃alloy matrix and the hard silicon carbide particle to weaken the matrix.The layered structure design is used to alternate the high and low wear resistance layers along the radial direction of the bit.The thickness of low wear resistance and high wear resistance were designed to be 1.0~1.5mm and 2.5~3.5mm respectively,to realize simultaneous wear of high wear resistance layers and low wear resistance layers and improve drilling efficiency.The bits have been successfully applied to horizontal directional drilling in hard potassium feldspar granite formation,using the combination of FeCoCu pre⁃alloy matrix and stratified matrix structure,with the average ROP of 0.8~1.5m/h and the drilling life of 30~40m.Compared with the ordinary concentric sharp tooth bit,the ROP has been increased by about double,and the drilling life has been increased by more than 30%.

关 键 词：水平定向钻进 坚硬地层 孕镶金刚石钻头 分层结构 FeCoCu预合金 机械钻速 工程勘察 

分 类 号：P634.41[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]