车载炮驾驶室表面炮口冲击波超压特性  

Characteristics of Muzzle Shock Wave Overpressure on the Surface of Vehicle-mounted Howitzer's Crew Compartment

作　　者：魏胜程 钱林方[1,2] 徐亚栋 尹强[1] WEI Shengcheng;QIAN Linfang;XU Yadong;YIN Qiang(School of Mechanical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,Jiangsu,China;Northwest Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Xianyang 712099,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学机械工程学院,江苏南京210094 [2]西北机电工程研究所,陕西咸阳712099

出　　处：《兵工学报》2024年第11期3792-3805,共14页Acta Armamentarii

基　　金：国防科技卓越青年科学基金项目(2022-JCJQ-ZQ-065)。

摘　　要：火炮射击时作用在驾驶室表面的冲击波超压是研究车载炮驾驶室炮口冲击波防护性能的载荷边界条件。为探索车载炮驾驶室表面的炮口冲击波超压特性,以某型装备为对象设计系统的射击试验方案开展研究。试验兼顾车载炮的主、辅助射界,获取7种射角工况下驾驶室上不同位置的冲击波超压数据,得到炮口与驾驶室不同空间位置下驾驶室表面冲击波超压的衰减规律。采用非定常无黏三维欧拉方程建立炮口冲击波流场计算模型,对极限工况下驾驶室表面的冲击波超压进行仿真模拟,数值仿真与试验结果的冲击波超压变化趋势一致,炮口气流速度吻合时最大超压峰值误差小于4%。研究结果表明:炮口冲击波在地面、驾驶室结构影响下,在车载炮驾驶室表面形成了具有显著峰值的二次超压分布;炮口制退器制退孔朝向、驾驶室上凸起结构等使得驾驶室表面的冲击波超压更加恶劣。The shock wave overpressure acting on the surface of crew compartment during artillery firing is a key boundary condition for studying the protective performance of vehicle-mounted howitzer's crew compartment against muzzle shock wave.To explore the characteristics of muzzle shock wave overpressure on the surface of crew compartment,a systematic firing experiment plan is designed for a specific equipment.The experiments cover both the main and auxiliary firing sectors of vehicle-mounted howitzer,capturing the overpressure data of the shockwaves at different positions on the crew compartment under seven firing angle conditions.The attenuation patterns of shock wave overpressure on the crew compartment surface at various spatial locations relative to the muzzle and crew compartment were obtained through experiment.A computational model of muzzle blast flow field is established using the unsteady three-dimensional inviscid Euler equations.Simulation and numerical analysis are performed to evaluate the shock wave overpressure on the crew compartment surface under extreme conditions.The simulated results show good agreement with the experimental data in terms of the change trend of shock wave overpressure,with a peak overpressure error of less than 4%when the muzzle airflow velocity is properly considered.The research results indicate that the muzzle shock wave influenced by the ground and the structure of crew compartment,forms a secondary overpressure distribution with obvious peaks on the surface of vehicle-mounted howitzer's crew compartment.Factors such as the orientation of muzzle brake vents and the raised structures on the crew compartment contribute to a more severe muzzle shock wave overpressure on the surface of crew compartment.

关 键 词：车载炮 炮口冲击波 驾驶室表面 超压特性 

分 类 号：TJ301[兵器科学与技术—火炮、自动武器与弹药工程]