仿蝗虫后足内埋导弹弹射装置设计与优化  

Design and Optimization of Locust-hindfoot-inspired Embedded Missile Ejection Device

作　　者：蔡云龙 杨哩娜 权亮 杨宝生 任若愚 CAI Yunlong;YANG Lina;QUAN Liang;YANG Baosheng;REN Ruoyu(School of Aerospace Engineering,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学宇航学院,北京100081

出　　处：《兵工学报》2024年第11期3983-3997,共15页Acta Armamentarii

摘　　要：受蝗虫跳跃生物力学机理启发,设计一种具有关节扭簧和双梯形结构特征的弹射装置,具备在低推力需求下实现大弹射行程的能力,同时在导弹分离时使其保有初始低头角速度和角度的特征。通过参数化模型结合Kriging代理模型优化方法,优化得到高效的机构布局参数;基于刚柔耦合动力学模型研究发射过程中臂杆柔性效应对导弹弹射分离参数的影响;基于计算流体动力学分析弹-机分离过程。研究结果表明:基于参数化模型和Kriging代理模型优化方法能够快速获取满足设计要求的机构参数;弹射过程中,臂杆的柔性变形会导致实际分离参数与理想设计参数之间存在差异,细节优化设计时柔性效应不能被忽略,且需考虑增加结构刚度以减小设计偏差;给出的设计实例能够满足设计指标且弹-机能够安全分离,证明了新设计的有效性。Inspired by the biomechanical mechanism of locust jumping,an ejection device with joint torsion spring and double trapezoidal structure is designed,which has the ability to achieve large ejection stroke for low thrust demand and keeps the characteristics of initial bow angular velocity and angle during missile separation.The efficient mechanism layout parameters are optimized by the optimization methods based on parameterized models and Kriging surrogate models.The influence of arm flexibility effect on missile ejection separation parameters during launch is studied based on a rigid-flexible coupling dynamic model.The projectile-machine,separation process is investigated based on computational fluid dynamics.The research results indicate that the optimization method based on parameterized models and Kriging surrogate models can be used to quickly obtain the mechanism parameters that meet the design requirements.In the process of ejection,the flexible deformation of middle arm will lead to the difference between the actual separation parameters and the ideal design parameters.The flexible effect cannot be ignored in the detail optimization design,and the structural stiffness should be increased to reduce the design deviation.The given design example can meet the design criteria and the missile can be safely separated,proving the effectiveness of the new design in this paper.

关 键 词：导弹弹射装置 仿生学 Kriging代理模型 刚性-柔性耦合 发射动力学 

分 类 号：TJ768.2[兵器科学与技术—武器系统与运用工程]