太湖藻华高发区DOM的组成和时空分布特征  

Characterization of the Sources and Composition of Dissolved Organic Matter in the High Occurrence Area of Algal Blooms in Northern Lake Taihu

作　　者：韩子怡 周永强[2] 耿春女 HAN Zi-yi;ZHOU Yong-qiang;GENG Chun-nü(School of Ecological Technology and Engineering,Shanghai Institute of Technology,Shanghai 201418,China;State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment,Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China)

机构地区：[1]上海应用技术大学生态技术与工程学院,上海201418 [2]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,湖泊与环境国家重点实验室,江苏南京210008

出　　处：《光谱学与光谱分析》2024年第12期3568-3575,共8页Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42322104);中国科学院青年创新促进会(2021312);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20220162);中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所青年科学家小组项目(E1SL002,2022NIGLAS-CJH04);上海应用技术大学中青年科技人才发展基金项目(ZQ2019-17)资助。

摘　　要：随着太湖周边城市社会经济的快速发展,大量工农业和生活废水进入太湖,氮磷营养盐富集,尤其是太湖北部湖区,藻华频发。在2015年春、夏、秋3个季节对太湖北部藻华高发区24个点进行了6次野外采样,结合吸收光谱与三维荧光-平行因子分析法,揭示藻类生消影响下太湖DOM光谱参数的时空分异特征及DOM光谱指标与水质参数的协同变化机制,为太湖生态系统的治理修复及保障太湖水供给安全提供科学支撑。在取样时间段(从5月12日—10月20日),3个湖区水体均经历了一个非常明显的藻华生消过程,藻华的暴发与外源营养盐的输入密切相关。夏季期间,藻类生物量的快速增长显著消耗了水体中的NO-3-N,生成了NH+4-N,抑制了微生物的反硝化作用。平行因子分析得出4种荧光组分,即2种类蛋白质组分(类色氨酸C1、微生物源类酪氨酸C3)和2种类腐殖质(微生物源类腐殖质C2、陆源类腐殖质C4)。西北部的外源输入影响了太湖北部整体的DOM组成及结构,DOM丰度、芳香性和陆源腐殖化程度均呈现出由西向东递减的趋势。此外,外源输送的大量高芳香性陆源DOM也为浮游藻类生长提供了重要碳源,进一步影响DOM的组成和结构,使微生物活性强的内源DOM(C2和C3)更多地参与湖泊碳循环过程。研究进一步发现,北部三个藻华区存在着差异性,这三个湖区的藻华治理需因地制宜,西北部应减少外源输入,梅梁湾处应加强藻华监测和生态修复,东北部需要保护和恢复生态多样性,增强自然净化能力。With the rapid socioeconomic development in the Lake Taihu basin,a large amount of industrial,agricultural,and domestic wastewater has been discharged into Lake Taihu,and nutrients have been enriched,especially in the northern lake regions of Lake Taihu,where algal blooms occur frequently.In the spring,summer,and fall of 2015,we conducted six field sampling campaigns at 24 sites in northern Lake Taihu's high-incidence area of algal blooms.Absorbance coupled with three-dimensional fluorescence and parallel factor analysis(3DEEMs-PARAFAC),together with water quality parameters,were used to investigate the spatial and temporal variability of DOM and water quality in Lake Taihu under the influence of algal bloom to provide scientific support for the management and restoration of the Lake Taihu ecosystem and ensure the safety of its water supply.During the sampling period(from May 12 to October 20),the three lake regions experienced significant algal bloom and degradation.The algal blooms were closely related to the input of exogenous nutrients.During the summer,the rapid growth of algal biomass significantly consumed NO-3-N generated NH+4-N and inhibited the denitrification process of microorganisms.Parallel factor analysis identified four fluorescent DOM components:two protein-like components(tryptophan-like C1 and tyrosine-like C3)and two humic substances(microbial humic-like C2 and terrestrial humic-like C4).Terrestrial inputs from the northwest significantly affected the composition and structure of DOM in northern Lake Taihu,showing a trend of decreasing abundance and terrestrial aromaticity from west to east.In addition,the large amount of terrestrial DOM also provided an important carbon source for the growth of planktonic algae,which further influenced the composition and structure of DOM and led to the increased participation of autochthonous DOM(C2 and C3)with strong microbial activity in the lake carbon cycling process.There were differences among the three northern algal areas,and the algal bloom manageme

关 键 词：太湖 蓝藻水华 叶绿素A 溶解性有机物 平行因子分析 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]