同轴静电纺丝构筑微/纳米结构隔膜与电极材料用于锂离子电池:从原理到应用  

Fabricating Micro/Nanostructured Separators and Electrode Materials by Coaxial Electrospinning for Lithium-Ion Batteries:From Fundamentals to Applications

作　　者：李琪 黎平安 刘泽通 张佳辉 张浩 余维来 胡先罗[1] Qi Li;Pingan Li;Zetong Liu;Jiahui Zhang;Hao Zhang;Weilai Yu;Xianluo Hu(State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die&Mould Technology,School of Materials Science and Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;Department of Chemical Engineering,Stanford University,Stanford CA 94305,USA)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学材料科学与工程学院,材料成形与模具技术全国重点实验室,武汉430074 [2]Department of Chemical Engineering,Stanford University,Stanford CA 94305,USA.

出　　处：《物理化学学报》2024年第10期29-35,共7页Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52272206,51972132)资助项目。

摘　　要：锂离子电池因其高能量密度、长循环寿命、优异的倍率性能和热稳定性而备受青睐,成为从便携式电子产品到电动汽车等实际应用中的最佳电源。在这种背景下,同轴静电纺丝技术因可制造适用于锂离子电池的独特纳米纤维材料而备受关注。尤其纤维材料具有高比表面积、高孔隙率、较大的长径比和易表面改性的优点,近年来在锂离子电池领域被广泛研究。这篇综述全面总结了同轴静电纺丝的基本原理、正极、负极和隔膜等锂离子电池关键材料的制备、实际应用和最新进展,并讨论了同轴静电纺纤维材料的纳米/微米结构决定其电化学性能的规律。此外,该综述分析了同轴静电纺丝未来的发展方向,强调了未来拓展同轴静电纺丝技术在锂离子电池领域的应用所面临的挑战。Highly coveted for their exceptional energy density,extended cycle life,impressive rate capability,and thermal stability,lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)stand out as the optimal power sources for real-world applications,ranging from portable electronics to electric vehicles(EVs).In this context,coaxial electrospinning has emerged as a compelling technique for fabricating nanofiber materials endowed with properties ideally suited for LIBs.These properties include a high specific surface area,exceptional porosity,a substantial aspect ratio,and facile surface modification.This comprehensive review encapsulates the fundamental principles,practical applications,and recent strides in coaxial electrospinning,particularly in the preparation of crucial LIB components such as cathodes,anodes,and separators.The intricate relationships between the micro/nanostructures of coaxially electrospun fiber materials and their resultant battery performances are meticulously examined.Additionally,the review outlines future directions and underscores the challenges inherent in advancing the field of coaxial electrospinning for LIBs.

关 键 词：锂离子电池 同轴静电纺丝 微/纳结构材料 核-壳结构 电化学性能 

分 类 号：O646[理学—物理化学]