新型高效同步脱氮工艺处理餐厨废水厌氧消化液的工程试验  

A PRACTICAL PROJECT ON TREATMENT OF FOOD WASTEWATER ANAEROBIC DIGESTATE USING A FULL-SCALE HIGHLY EFFICIENT SINGLE-STAGE NITROGEN REMOVAL PROCESS

作　　者：连晋仕 王茹 邓良伟 王兰 LIAN Jinshi;WANG Ru;DENG Liangwei;WANG Lan(School of Environment and Municipal Engineering,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710055,China;Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Chengdu 610041,China;Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,西安710055 [2]农业农村部成都沼气科学研究所,成都610041 [3]农业农村部农村可再生能源开发利用重点实验室,成都610041

出　　处：《环境工程》2024年第10期17-25,共9页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31972613);四川省科技计划资助(2021ZDZX0012);中国农业科学院青年创新专项(Y2022QC31);中国农业科学院科技创新工程(CAAS-ASTIP-2021-BIOMA);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1610012022015_03102);国家现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-36-10B)。

摘　　要：开发了一种以短程硝化-反硝化为原理的新型高效同步脱氮工艺(highly efficient single-stage nitrogen removal process,Hesin),并采用1个总容积为300 m^(3)的Hesin装置,通过添加原水偶联限氧运行的联合控制策略,经过185 d启动和运行,成功实现了Hesin工艺对餐厨废水厌氧消化液的高效处理。工程试验结果表明:在稳定运行期间,水力停留时间为100 h,处理水量为60 m^(3)/d,ρ(DO)限制在0.5 mg/L左右,平均TN去除速率可达到(0.32±0.05)kg/(m^(3)·d),平均TN去除率可达到95.55%,出水ρ(TN)<100 mg/L,平均COD去除率为87.26%,为传统工艺处理餐厨废水工程应用效能的3倍左右。经Hesin工艺驯化后的污泥,污泥浓度可达到8.85 g/L,污泥粒径有明显增加。通过高通量测序对微生物群落结构进行分析发现,驯化过程中出现明显的群落演替现象,其中亚硝酸盐氧化菌群Nitrospirales成功被抑制洗出,该结果与工程运行过程中亚硝酸盐的累积现象相吻合,表明短程硝化-反硝化过程的成功实现。研究成果可为餐厨废水厌氧消化液的TN脱除提供新的解决方案和技术支撑。In this study,a novel type of highly efficient single-stage nitrogen removal process(Hesin)was developed based on the principle of partial nitrification-denitrification.The total volume of the Hesin reactor was 300 m^(3).After 185 days of start-up and operation,the Hesin process was successfully achieved for the efficient treatment of food wastewater anaerobic digestate.During the stable operation period,the hydraulic retention time(HRT)was 100 h,the wastewater volume was 60 m^(3)/d,and the dissolved oxygen(DO)was limited to about 0.5 mg/L.The results showed that the average total nitrogen removal rate could reach 0.31 kg/(m^(3)·d),the average total nitrogen removal efficiency could reach 95.55%,the concentration of total nitrogen in the effluent was less than 100 mg/L,and the average COD removal efficiency was 87.26%,3 times that of the traditional process in the treatment of kitchen wastewater.The sludge concentration could reach 8.85 g/L after acclimation by the Hesin process,and the sludge particle size increased obviously.Through the analysis of microbial community structure by high-throughput sequencing,it was found that obvious community succession occurred during the domestication process,and the nitrite-oxidizing bacteria Nitrospirales were successfully inhibited and washed out.The results were consistent with the accumulation of nitrite during the operation of the Hesin process,indicating that the partial nitrification-denitrification process was successfully realized.This study can provide new solutions and technical support for the removal of total nitrogen in food wastewater anaerobic digestate.

关 键 词：餐厨废水厌氧消化液 短程硝化-反硝化 同步脱氮 群落结构 工程试验 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]