新生儿先天性甲状腺功能减退症发病情况分析  

Analysis of the incidence of neonatal congenital hypothyroidism

作　　者：林保安 黎沛棠 黄雪霞 张宇玲 LIN Baoan;LI Peitang;HUANG Xuexia;ZHANG Yuling(Department of Laboratory,Huizhou First Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,Guangdong Province,Huizhou 516000,China;Department of Child Health Care,Huizhou First Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,Guangdong Province,Huizhou 516000,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省惠州市第一妇幼保健院检验科,广东惠州516000 [2]广东省惠州市第一妇幼保健院儿童保健科,广东惠州516000

出　　处：《妇儿健康导刊》2024年第21期61-64,共4页JOURNAL OF WOMEN AND CHILDREN'S HEALTH GUIDE

摘　　要：目的分析新生儿先天性甲状腺功能减退症的发病情况。方法选取2022年1月至2023年10月在惠州市第一妇幼保健院出生的新生儿42092例,分析其临床资料,采用酶免疫荧光分析法对血促甲状腺激素水平进行筛查,针对疑似先天性甲状腺功能减退症的新生儿,对其血清游离促甲状腺激素、甲状腺素水平进行测定。结果血促甲状腺激素筛查结果显示,纳入的42092例新生儿中,532例为初筛阳性,初筛阳性率为1.26%;69例确诊为先天性甲状腺功能减退症,患病率为0.16%。相较于正常出生体重新生儿,低出生体重新生儿、巨大出生体重新生儿的初筛阳性率、患病率均更高(P<0.05);相较于足月儿,过期产儿、早产儿的初筛阳性率、患病率均更高(P<0.05);相较于单胎新生儿,多胎新生儿的初筛阳性率、患病率均更高(P<0.05)。结论新生儿先天性甲状腺功能减退症的发生风险较高,尤其是多胎新生儿、巨大体重或低体重新生儿、早产儿、过期产儿,临床应加强先天性甲状腺功能减退症的筛查工作,以早期发现和治疗先天性甲状腺功能减退症。Objective To analyze the incidence of neonatal congenital hypothyroidism.Methods A total of 42092 neonates born in Huizhou First Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from January 2022 to October 2023 were selected.The clinical data were analyzed.The serum thyrotropin level was screened by enzyme immunofluorescence assay.The levels of serum free thyrotropin and thyroxine were measured in neonates suspected with congenital hypothyroidism.Results The results of serum thyrotropin screening showed that 532 of the 42092 neonates were positive in the initial screening,with a positive rate of 1.26%.A total of 69 cases were diagnosed as congenital hypothyroidism,with a prevalence rate of 0.16%.Compared with normal birth weight neonates,the initial screening positive rate and prevalence rate of low birth weight neonates and large birth weight neonates were higher(P<0.05).Compared with full-term neonates,the initial screening positive rate and prevalence rate of premature neonates and post-term neonates were higher(P<0.05).Compared with single neonates,the initial screening positive rate and prevalence rate of multiple neonates were higher(P<0.05).Conclusion Neonates have a high risk of congenital hypothyroidism,especially multiple neonates,large or low birth weight neonates,premature neonates,and postterm neonates.Clinical screening of congenital hypothyroidism should be strengthened to detect and treat congenital hypothyroidism early.

关 键 词：新生儿 先天性甲状腺功能减退症 促甲状腺激素 

分 类 号：R725.8[医药卫生—儿科]