负扬程大流量调水工程的水锤防护效果分析  

Evaluation of Protective Performance of Water Hammer in Water Diversion Project with Negative Head and Large Flow Rate

作　　者：黄伟[1] 祖子豪 李火坤[1] 黄鑫[1] 陈祥即 HUANG Wei;ZU Zi-hao;LI Huo-kun;HUANG Xin;CHEN Xiang-ji(School of Infrastructure Engineering,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌大学工程建设学院,江西南昌330031

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2024年第21期59-66,共8页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC3209404);江西省自然科学基金资助项目(20232BAB204093)。

摘　　要：对于长距离、负扬程、大流量调水工程来说,事故停泵水锤是影响管道安全运行的主要威胁之一,所以选取合理的防护方案尤为重要。结合实际工程,利用特征线法和正交试验法,对空气阀与空气阀调压室新型联合防护方案开展停泵水锤数值模拟,同时分析不同空气阀口径、进排气流量系数和空气阀调压室短管尺寸对水力控制效果的影响。结果表明,空气阀对于消除负压、抑制正压存在一个合适的口径,并不是越大或者越小就越好;空气阀与空气阀调压室联合防护能够将负压控制在-2 m内,比单一空气阀的防护效果更好,是一种十分经济且水锤防护效果较好的方案;相比于其他几种因素,空气阀调压室的短管高度对水锤防护效果的影响最大,所以选择合理的短管尺寸对于水锤防护至关重要。In long-distance water diversion projects characterized by negative head and large flow rate,the occurrence of water hammer-induced accidents poses a significant threat to the safe operation of pipelines.Therefore,selecting an appropriate protective scheme is of paramount importance.In conjunction with the actual project,the novel combined scheme of air valves and air-valve surge tank(AVST)for pump stop water hammer protection was numerically simulated using the characteristic line method and orthogonal test approach.Additionally,the impact of varying air valve diameters,inflow and outflow coefficients,as well as the size of standpipe in the AVST on the hydraulic control performance was analyzed.The air valve had an appropriate diameter to effectively mitigate negative pressure and control positive pressure.It is important to note that a larger or smaller size does not necessarily yield better performance.The combined protection system comprising both air valve and AVST effectively maintained negative pressure below-2 m,demonstrating superior performance compared to a standalone air valve.This approach represents a highly economical and efficient solution for mitigating water hammer.In comparison to other factors,the height of standpipe in the AVST exerted a significant influence on the effectiveness of water hammer protection.Therefore,selecting an appropriate standpipe size was crucial for mitigating water hammer.

关 键 词：负扬程 停泵水锤 空气阀 空气阀调压室 水锤防护 

分 类 号：TU991[建筑科学—市政工程]