滨水空间视觉特征的注意力和情绪效应——基于高校在校学生眼动追踪实验的证据  

The effects of visual characteristics of waterfront spaces on attention and emotion:Evidence from an eye-tracking experiment of college students

作　　者：罗玮菁 袁媛[1,2] 王琳婷 吴丽娟 LUO Weijing;YUAN Yuan;WANG Linting;WU Lijuan(School of Geography and Planning,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510006,China;Guangdong Key Laboratory for Urbanization and Geo-simulation,Guangzhou 510006,China;Guangzhou Urban Planning&Design Survey Research Institute,Guangzhou 510060,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学地理科学与规划学院,广东广州510006 [2]广东省城市化与地理环境空间模拟重点实验室,广东广州510006 [3]广州市城市规划勘测设计研究院有限公司,广东广州510060

出　　处：《中山大学学报（自然科学版）（中英文）》2025年第1期207-217,共11页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52278085);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2023A1515010704)。

摘　　要：随着社会竞争压力倍增以及城市生活高速运转,高校在校学生心理健康问题日益凸显。大量研究证实蓝绿空间具有多重健康效益。作为一种日常疗愈景观,蓝绿空间是促进心理健康的重要“自然处方”和环境资产。本研究基于视觉景观感知理论,采用虚拟现实眼动追踪实验,收集51名高校在校学生的眼动行为和情绪数据,探究滨水空间视觉特征对高校在校学生注意力分配和情绪反应的作用。结果显示:公共活动型水岸引起的注视行为和愉悦情绪显著更多,不同观赏视角之间滨水空间感知的瞳孔反应和愉悦情绪存在差异。不同水平植被密度、植被结构层次和水面可视度对注意力和情绪的影响存在显著差异,且在不同空间类型和观赏视角下显示出异质性特征,即滨水空间属性之间具有交互作用。研究有助于丰富蓝绿空间人地感知理论的实验性循证探索和差异化研究,结论可为人本尺度下滨水空间精细化场所营造提供参考,以期为我国青年友好滨水空间建设提供实证支撑。The intense pressure of social competition and the fast-paced urban living have been increasingly exacerbating mental health issues among college students.As one of the everyday therapeutic landscapes,green-blue spaces are crucial nature prescriptions and environmental assets that could improve mental health.Drawing upon visual landscape perception theory,this study conducted a virtual reality eye-tracking experiment and collected eye movement and emotional data of 51 college students to explore the effect of visual characteristics of waterfront spaces on college students’attention and emotions.The results indicated that waterfront spaces within public open spaces triggered longer fixation duration and greater pleasure.The participants’mean pupil diameters and pleasure levels varied across different behavior perspectives while perceiving these spaces.Various levels of green density,plant structure,and water visibility had different effects on attention and emotion.Notably,significant interaction effects were observed between visual characteristics and environmental type(or behavior perspective).The study extends the human-place perception theory regarding green-blue space through experimental exploration and nuanced analyses.Its results provide valuable insights and empirical evidence for the design of meticulously crafted waterfront spaces and the construction of youth-friendly waterfront spaces at a humanistic scale.

关 键 词：滨水空间 注意力 情绪 眼动实验 青年友好 

分 类 号：TU985[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]