珠江三角洲城市群留鸟多样性格局及其驱动机制  

The spatiotemporal pattern and driving force of resident bird biodiversity in the urban agglomeration area in the Pearl River Delta

作　　者：叶俊宏 刘珍环[1] 杨帆 魏莱 周义 YE Junhong;LIU Zhenhuan;YANG Fan;WEI Lai;ZHOU Yi(Carbon-Water Observation and Research Station in Karst Regions of Northern Guangdong/School of Geography and Planning,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省粤北岩溶区碳水耦合野外科学观测研究站/中山大学地理科学与规划学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《中山大学学报（自然科学版）（中英文）》2025年第1期218-227,共10页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42371109)。

摘　　要：鸟类是反映城市生境和生物多样性变化的重要指标,城市鸟类多样性分布格局模拟与预测是当前城市生物多样性保护研究中重点关注的难题。珠江三角洲城市群经历了快速的城市化过程,景观变化显著,给城市生境和生物多样性保护带来了巨大挑战。为解析城市鸟类多样性与城市生境之间的空间关联机制,构建“单物种分布预测-物种多样性聚类-多样性的影响归因”的空间综合途径,开展珠江三角洲城市群留鸟空间格局与形成机制研究。结果表明:1)珠江三角洲城市群的87种留鸟构成的多样性与适宜性具有高度的城-乡梯度分布模式;将留鸟的空间适宜性聚类可分为8类,总体上留鸟的中高适宜区占比小于30%。2)结构方程模型的解析可以发现,人类活动显著地正向影响了鸟类多样性的空间分布格局,影响系数介于0.28~1.94;而植被、气候、地形的正向或负向效应差异明显。研究可为城市生物多样性保护,调控鸟类多样性的生境影响因素,开展城市生态建设与管理提供科学依据。The bird is an important biodiversity indicator of urban habitat change.The spatial pattern of bird biodiversity is a hot issue in urban biodiversity conservation.The Pearl River Delta has experienced rapid urbanization,and its landscape has undergone tremendous changes,which has brought great challenges for preserving habitat and biodiversity.To understand the interaction between bird biodiversity and habitat in urban areas,a framework was established to study the spatial pattern and mechanism of resident birds in the urban agglomeration of the Pearl River Delta,including three steps,namely,single species distribution simulation,resident bird diversity distribution classification,and attribution factor analysis.The results show that:1)The diversity and suitability of 87 resident birds in the urban agglomeration area has a typical distribution along the urban-rural gradient,where the core area of the urban center has a high potential diversity of resident birds.Through cluster analysis,resident birds can be divided into 8 categories.Generally,the proportion of medium and high suitable areas for resident birds is under 30%.2)Using a structural equation model to quantify the environmental factors that contribute to the categories of bird diversity,it can be found that human activities mostly exhibit positive effects,with influence coefficients ranging from 0.28 to 1.94;the positive or negative effects of vegetation,climate,and terrain differ significantly.This study can provide a scientific foundation for protecting urban biodiversity,regulating-habitat influencing factors of bird diversity,and policy-making in urban ecological management.

关 键 词：城市生物多样性 鸟类 MaxEnt模型 结构方程模型 

分 类 号：Q15[生物学—普通生物学]