“有限创新”与媒体自觉:央媒AI新闻主播的演化及虚拟视听生产  

"Bounded Innovation"and Media Self-Consciousness:The Evolution Process and Virtual Audiovisual Production ofAl News Anchors in Central Media

作　　者：骆世查[1,2] 黄子秋 农蕙语 Luo Shicha;Huang Ziqiu;Nong Huiyu

机构地区：[1]四川大学文学与新闻学院,四川成都610207 [2]浙江大学光华法学院,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《传媒观察》2024年第11期36-46,共11页Media Observer

基　　金：2023年“新时代中国特色社会主义新闻传播学研究”四川省哲学社会科学规划重大;重点项目培育项目“全媒体语境下四川新闻发布研究”(GJ202301)的研究成果。

摘　　要：人工智能技术进入新闻生产已有数十年,但既有研究中几乎没有专门探讨过其在视听类新闻生产中的应用。本研究尝试将视听类AI新闻主播项目置于新闻史脉络,结合语料和文本分析,回答AI主播作为视听类新闻创新的特点是什么,以及这种虚拟视听的发展可能会如何影响既有新闻生产实践。研究发现,经过20年的发展,数十个央媒AI合成新闻主播项目的发展呈现出3个递进的阶段,其最新发展显示机构媒体正集中力量打造IP化、条线化、常态化AI新闻主播。此类数智影像在虚拟指称、角色交互、场景破维等方面为更多类型的虚拟视听奠定了发展基础。“夏静”与“王冠”作为可见度较高的AI新闻主播,在法治与财经新闻领域具有独特播报价值,前者侧重日常报道的精准度,后者旨在协同真人主播打造出圈IP。论文强调,“有限创新”仍是AI主播介入新闻生产现状的恰切描述,它不仅指涉新闻创新过程中客观存在的渐进调适,更显示出媒体自觉、自省与自主利用新技术的有限结果。AI technology has been gradually integrated into news production over the past few years,yet there is a notable gap in research specifically exploring the application of Al in audiovisual news production.This study seeks to situate the AI news anchor program within the broader context of news history and,through corpus and textual analysis,aims to address two key questions:what distinguishes the AI news anchor as an innovation in audiovisual journalism,and how might this virtual development influence established news production practices?The study identifies three key stages in the evolution of AI news anchors,based on over two decades of development across various central media outlets.Recent trends indicate that institutional media are focusing on creating AI news anchors with strong brand identities(IP-based),aligned programming formats(line-based),and regular broadcasting schedules.These developments have paved the way for a broader range of virtual audiovisual applications,such as virtual personification,role interaction,and the breaking of traditional scene dimensions.Prominent AI news anchors,like"Xia Jing"and"Wang Guan,serve as case studies illustrating the value of AI in specific genres like legal and financial news.Xia Jing emphasizes the precision and reliability of daily reporting,while Wang Guan collaborates with human anchors to develop a high-profile IP.The paper concludes by arguing that the current state of AI anchors in news production can be best described as"bounded innovation."This concept reflects both the gradual integration of AI into journalistic processes and the limitations imposed by media's self-awareness,introspection,and cautious adoption of new technologies.Despite these constraints,AI anchors have begun to reshape the landscape of news production,highlighting both opportunities and challenges for the future of journalism.

关 键 词：新闻创新 智能传播 AI合成新闻主播 数字形象 

分 类 号：G21[文化科学—新闻学] G206