西北回族历史街区形态区域量化识别方法  

A Quantitative Identification Method for Morphological Regions in Hui Historical Blocks in Northwestern China

作　　者：赵卿 郭晓柯 唐大乾 任云英[2] ZHAO Qing;GUO Xiaoke;TANG Daqian;REN Yunying

机构地区：[1]中国建筑西北设计研究院有限公司规划研究中心 [2]西安建筑科技大学公共管理学院

出　　处：《南方建筑》2024年第11期50-58,共9页South Architecture

基　　金：教育部人文社科一般项目(22YJC760134):“西北回族城市社区空间基因图谱建构及柔性修补策略研究”;陕西省社会科学基金年度项目(2022J010):“西安回坊文脉空间演化特征及图谱建构研究”;陕西省自然科学青年基金项目(2023-JC-QN-0545):“历史街区空间形态韧性测度研究—以西安回坊为例”。

摘　　要：面对历史街区复杂的社会关系网络,在维护历史环境特征前提下,突出人的核心价值,实现可持续发展依旧是历史街区保护难题。康泽恩“形态区域”概念可以有效的针对复杂的城市形态进行结构性认知,梳理出清晰的格局,进而为历史街区提供系统化精细化的空间改造措施。尝试将城市形态学既定知识与复杂适应性系统理论进行融合,进一步扩展城市形态概念内涵。以西北回族历史街区为典型案例地,结合该类地区城市形态复杂适应性的核心属性,以城市形态演化中主体行为-形态特征-社会环境之间的链式反应关系为基础,建构“内部主体-外部环境-空间形态”3个逻辑准则及其13个指标构成的形态区域量化指标体系。按照“平面单元划分-形态区域识别-优化类型提取”的技术路线,综合运用极值法、二阶聚类、障碍度模型识别提取形态区域及优化分区类型。希冀为历史街区空间管控导引提供更为坚实的技术支撑,同时对指导民族地区的保护更新工作具有推动意义。In the face of the complex social relationship network of historical blocks,it is still difficult to protect historical blocks to emphasize humans'core value and achieve sustainable development under the premise of maintaining the characteristics of the historical environment.Conzen's"morphological region"effectively provides a structural understanding of the complex urban morphology,organizes clear spatial patterns,and provides systematic and refined spatial transformation measures for historical blocks.At the epistemological level,this article seeks to integrate the established knowledge of urban morphology with the theory of complex adaptive systems and conceptualize urban morphology as a complex adaptive system consisting of an internal adaptive subject and external spatial form elements.Based on the central principle of a complex adaptive system-whereby adaptability creates complexity-the complexity of the urban morphology system is driven by the adaptive behaviors of the subject in the face of environmental change,thus emphasizing the core value of the adaptive subject.At the methodological level,based on Conzen's urban morphology regionalization method,the morphological complexity factor,subject adaptability factor,and environmental influence factor-which can comprehensively express the constituent elements of urban morphology,fully express the core characteristics of complex adaptability of urban morphology,and completely interpret the human-space-environment relationship-are extracted from the urban morphology of Hui historical blocks in Northwestern China.Three logical standards of"internal subject-external environment-spatial morphology"and a morphological regional quantitative indicator system comprising 13 indicators are constructed.The Muslim Quarter in Xi'an is taken as a typical case.According to the technology route of"planar unit division-morphological region identification-optimization type extraction,"68 planar units are optimized and integrated by second-order cluster analysis,and five types

关 键 词：城市形态 复杂适应性 形态区域 回族社区 

分 类 号：TU-023[建筑科学—建筑理论] TU-24