福利体制视域下德国住房保障政策研究  

Study on German Housing Security Policy fromthe Perspective of Welfare System

作　　者：蔡旺清 CAI Wangqing

机构地区：[1]韶关学院,韶关512005

出　　处：《上海市经济管理干部学院学报》2024年第6期17-27,共11页Journal of Shanghai Economic Management College

基　　金：广东省哲学社会科学规划学科共建项目“新发展格局下广东省城市竞争力与房地产业耦合协调发展研究”(GD23XYJ83)。

摘　　要：完善的住房保障政策,乃社会稳定之基石。当前,我国正处于社会转型的关键期,住房市场供需矛盾依然突出,一些地方房价大起大落。天下之大,民生为最,而住房问题始终是关系到社会民生的首要问题。德国住房保障政策历经起步奠基、发展完善与转型优化,其实物配租与货币补贴并重,体现了公平与效率的结合。然而,在实践中,德国住房保障政策亦面临诸多挑战,如资源分配不均、租金调控难、模式单一等问题。鉴于此,我国应汲取德国经验,但更需立足国情,创新举措。基于福利体制视域,提出我国应“盘活现有住房存量,优化资源配置;建立租金明镜制度,提升市场透明度;推行租购同权,切实维护租户权益;加快住房租赁立法,规范市场秩序;打破户籍壁垒,精准识别保障对象,确保政策惠及真正需要的人群”等建议。通过这些举措,以构建出更加公平、可持续的住房保障制度,让“居者有其屋”的美好愿景成为现实。A sound housing security policy is the cornerstone of social stability.At present,our country is in a critical period of social transformation,the contradiction between supply and demand in the housing market is still prominent,and housing prices rise and fall sharply.The people’s livelihood is the most important in the world,and the housing issue is always the primary issue related to the people’s livelihood.Germany’s housing security policy has gone through the initial foundation,development and transformation optimization,and its physical rent allocation and monetary subsidies are equal,reflecting the combination of fairness and efficiency.However,in practice,Germany’s housing security policy also faces many challenges,such as uneven distribution of resources,difficult rent control,single model and so on.In view of this,China should learn from Germany’s experience,but more need to be based on national conditions and innovative measures.Based on the vision of welfare system,it is proposed that our country should revitalize the existing housing stock and optimize the allocation of resources;establish a rent mirror system to enhance market transparency;implement the same rights of rent and purchase,and effectively safeguard the rights and interests of tenants;accelerate the housing rental legislation and standardize the market order;break the barriers of household registration,accurately identify the protection object,and ensure that the policy benefits the people who really need it.Through these measures,we will build a more equitable and sustainable housing security system and make the beautiful vision of“home ownership”a reality.

关 键 词：住房保障政策 租购同权 权属中立 保护承租人 福利体制 德国 

分 类 号：F299.23[经济管理—国民经济]