酸洗碱洗对稻壳炭湿法除灰制植物炭黑的影响  

Effect of Acid and Alkaline Washing on Wet Ash Removal of Rice Husk Carbon for Producing Vegetable Carbon Black

作　　者：要茹旋 毛磊[1,2] 刘泽 龚浩羚 YAO Ruxuan;MAO Lei;LIU Ze;GONG Haoling(Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Hubei Wuhan 430081;College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Hubei Wuhan 430081,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学煤转化与新型炭材料湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430081 [2]武汉科技大学化学与化工学院,湖北武汉430081

出　　处：《广州化工》2024年第22期38-41,共4页GuangZhou Chemical Industry

基　　金：武汉科技大学煤转化与新型炭材料湖北省重点实验室开放基金(WKDM 202107)。

摘　　要：稻壳在500~600℃炭化后灰分接近50%,以稻壳炭为原料制取植物炭黑,需达到国标(GB 28308-2012)规定的植物炭黑灰分含量≤4%的要求。使用盐酸、氢氟酸、盐酸与氢氟酸的混酸等无机酸,和氢氧化钠溶液对稻壳炭进行湿法除灰。结果表明,盐酸除灰效果不佳,氢氟酸能有效脱除稻壳炭灰分,当固液比为1∶20且氢氟酸质量分数为8%时,灰分含量降至2.46%,符合国标规定。经盐酸溶液预处理的稻壳炭,再使用2 mol/L氢氧化钠溶液洗涤,其固液比为1∶20,稻壳炭灰分为2.00%。The ash content of rice husk carbon is close to 50%after carbonization of rice husk at 500 to 600℃.The preparation of plant carbon black from rice husk carbon as raw material should meet the requirements of ash content≤4%of plant carbon black stipulated in GB 28308-2012.Hydrochloric acid,hydrofluoric acid,mixed acid of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid,and sodium hydroxide were used for wet ash removal of rice husk carbon.The results showed that the ash removal effect of hydrochloric acid was poor,while that of hydrofluoric acid was expected to be better.When the solid-liquid ratio was 1∶20 and the mass fraction of hydrofluoric acid was 8%,the ash content was reduced to 2.46%,less than 4%of the national standard.Rice husk carbon was pretreated with hydrochloric acid solution and then deashed with sodium hydroxide solution.When the solid-liquid ratio of rice husk carbon to sodium hydroxide was 1∶20,the ash content of rice husk carbon was 2.00%.

关 键 词：稻壳炭 植物炭黑 湿法除灰 灰分 氢氟酸 氢氧化钠 

分 类 号：TQ127[化学工程—无机化工]