生态瞬时评估在自杀研究中的应用  

The application of ecological momentary assessment in suicide research

作　　者：吴才智[1] 贠芸 肖志华 周忠英[1,4] 童婷 任志洪 WU Caizhi;YUN Yun;XIAO Zhihua;ZHOU Zhongying;TONG Ting;REN Zhihong(Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior(CCNU),Ministry of Education,Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province,School of Psychology,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China;Centre for Mental Health Education,Zhengzhou Business University,Zhengzhou 450000,China;Mental Health Education and Counseling Center,Sichuan Police College,Luzhou,646000,China;Centre for Mental Health Education,Wuhan Sports University,Wuhan 430074,China;NO.1 Middle School Affiliated to Central China Normal University Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]青少年网络心理与行为教育部重点实验室,人的发展与心理健康湖北省重点实验室,华中师范大学心理学院,武汉430079 [2]郑州商学院心理健康教育中心,郑州450000 [3]四川警察学院学生心理健康教育与咨询中心,泸州646000 [4]武汉体育学院大学生心理健康教育中心,武汉430074 [5]华中师范大学第一附属中学初中部,武汉430070

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2024年第12期2067-2090,共24页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(22&ZD187)资助。

摘　　要：生态瞬时评估作为一种数据采集方法,通过使用智能手机等设备,实时监测被试的自杀意念、情绪状态和行为,捕捉其在不同时间和环境下的变化,在自杀研究领域中发挥着重要作用。生态瞬时评估采用事件相关设计、时间相关设计或混合设计收集数据,适用于不同来源与年龄的样本,具有较高的生态效度,能够有效减少被试的回忆偏差和主观解释。以往研究证明,在自杀领域开展生态瞬时评估研究不仅是可行的而且是安全的。生态瞬时评估证实了自杀危险的短期变异性,改善了对自杀危险性及其近端因素的理解。未来除了加强本土化研究、关注数据的隐私保护外,还需要结合数字技术和人工智能开展自杀危险性动态监测的生态瞬时评估研究,进一步提高理解、预测和预防自杀的能力。Ecological momentary assessment(EMA)serves as a valuable data collection method in suicide research,utilizing technologies such as smartphones to monitor participants'real-time suicidal ideation,emotional states,and behaviors.This approach captures fluctuations over time and contexts,playing a pivotal role in understanding suicide dynamics.EMA employs event-contingent,time-contingent,or hybrid designs to gather data,having applicability in terms of sample sources and age while ensuring high ecological validity and mitigating recall bias and subjective interpretation.Prior studies have demonstrated the feasibility and safety of EMA in suicide research,elucidating the short-term variability of suicide risk and enhancing comprehension of proximal risk factors.Nonetheless,challenges such as participant reactivity,dependency,data management,and statistical analysis persist.Future endeavors should prioritize localized research,safeguard data privacy,and integrate artificial intelligence to advance our understanding,prediction,and prevention of suicide.

关 键 词：生态瞬时评估 自杀 危险因素 可行性 安全性 

分 类 号：R395[哲学宗教—心理学]