北京和宁夏地区2家医院临床分离气单胞菌属的临床分布和耐药性分析  

Distribution characteristics and antimicrobial resistance of Aeromonas genus in two hospitals in Beijing and Ningxia

作　　者：陶佳 陈素明 王文 李刚 王欢 王亮 马婷婷 曲芬 贾伟 王利茹 Tao Jia;Chen Suming;Wang Wen;Li Gang;Wang Huan;Wang Liang;Ma Tingting;Qu Fen;Jia Wei;Wang Liru(Center of Medical Laboratory,General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University,Yinchuan 750004;Ningxia Key Laboratory of Clinical and Pathogenic Microbiology,General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University,Yinchuan 750004;Clinical Laboratory,Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100039)

机构地区：[1]宁夏医科大学总医院医学实验中心,银川750004 [2]宁夏医科大学总医院宁夏临床病原微生物重点实验室,银川750004 [3]解放军总医院第五医学中心检验科,北京100039

出　　处：《中国抗生素杂志》2024年第10期1107-1113,共7页Chinese Journal of Antibiotics

基　　金：宁夏自然科学基金(No.2022AAC03542);宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划(No.2021BEG03090)。

摘　　要：目的了解北京和宁夏地区2家医院(解放军总医院第五医学中心和宁夏医科大学总医院)临床分离气单胞菌属的分布特点及耐药性,为临床治疗和防控气单胞菌属感染提供参考。方法回顾性分析2013—2022年间2家医院临床分离气单胞菌属感染患者的年龄、性别、菌种分布、标本类型分布和耐药率等,使用Whonet5.6软件和Graphpad Prism 8软件进行统计分析。结果10年间2家医院分离气单胞菌属细菌共541株,分别为198株和343株,感染患者均是男性多于女性,年龄多为50岁以上的中老年人。2家医院检出的气单胞菌属中均以嗜水气单胞菌为主,其次为豚鼠气单胞菌、维隆气单胞菌温和亚种,其他检出的菌种包括维隆气单胞菌维隆亚种、杀鲑气单胞菌和斑点气单胞菌。541株气单胞菌的标本来源主要为胆汁和血液,分别占31.98%和19.78%,其他标本类型包括痰液、引流液、分泌物等。2家医院气分离单胞菌属的标本类型有统计学差异,解放军总医院第五医学中心前五位的标本类型为血液、粪便、腹水、胆汁和引流液,宁夏医科大学总医院的标本类型主要为胆汁、痰液、分泌物、引流液、血液。气单胞菌属对碳青霉烯类、氨基糖苷类、喹诺酮类抗菌药物的耐药率均较低,3种气单胞菌均未检测到阿米卡星耐药的菌株。豚鼠气单胞菌对头孢类及单环类抗菌药物的耐药率在宁夏医科大学总医院明显高于解放军总医院第五医学中心。结论2家医院检出的气单胞菌属的菌种组成类似,但在临床分布及耐药性间均存在差异性,每个医院都需要监测本地区气单胞菌的流行情况及耐药性,为气单胞菌的诊疗提供参考。Objective To analyze the clinical distributions and drug resistance characteristics of clinical Aeromonas isolates in two hospitals in Beijing and Ningxia,the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital and General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University,and provide references for clinical treatment,prevention and control of Aeromonas infection.Methods A retrospective analysis method was used to analyze the age,gender,bacterial species distribution,specimen type distribution,and antibiotic resistance rate of Aeromonas species in two hospitals from January 2013 to December 2022.Whonet5.6 and GraphPad Prism 8 software were used to analyze the data.Results Over the past decade,a total of 541 strains with 198 and 343 Aeromonas strains were isolated from the two hospitals in Beijing and Ningxia,respectively.The patients were more likely to be male than female and tended to be older than 50.Similarly,A.hydrophila was the most common species,followed by A.caviae and A.veronii biovar sobria in two hospitals.Other detected strains include A.veronii subspecies,A.salmoicida,and A.punctata.The specimens of 541 strains of Aeromonas mainly come from bile and blood,accounting for 31.98%and 19.78%,respectively.Other specimen types include sputum,shunt fluid,secretions,etc.There is a statistical difference in the types of specimens of the genus Aeromonas isolated from two hospitals.The five top specimens were blood,feces,abdominal fluid,bile,and shunt fluid for the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital,and bile,sputum,secretion,shunt fluid,and blood for the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University.Aeromonas strains in this study showed high susceptibility rates to carbapenems,aminoglycosides and quinolones.None of the Aeromonas isolates were found to be resistant to amikacin.The resistance rate of A.caviae to cephalosporins and monocyclic antibiotics was significantly higher in the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University than in the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital.Conclusio

关 键 词：气单胞菌属 菌种分布 临床分布 耐药性 

分 类 号：R978[医药卫生—药品]