主要发达国家高校创新创业教育:实践、特色与启示  

Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education in Universities of Major Developed Countries:Practices,Characteristics and Implications

作　　者：焦连志 王英明 Jiao Lianzhi;Wang Yingming(School of Marxism,Shanghai University of Electric Power,Shanghai 201306,China;School of Marxism,China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao,266580,China)

机构地区：[1]上海电力大学马克思主义学院,上海201306 [2]中国石油大学(华东)马克思主义学院,山东青岛266580

出　　处：《科技创业月刊》2024年第11期84-92,共9页Journal of Entrepreneurship in Science & Technology

基　　金：上海市高等教育学会2024年度规划课题创新创业人才培养路径研究(Y1-36);华东政法大学马克思主义学院思想政治理论课教学研究所重点专项课题“思想政治理论课多维互动的数字化课堂建设研究”(202418)。

摘　　要：高校是人才培养的高地,创新经济时代的高等教育需要直面创新型人才培育的新课题。研究发现,以美国为代表的发达国家开创新创业教育之先河,形成了各具特色的创新创业教育模式,代表性的有:美国百森商学院设定“创业遗传代码”为核心理念的创新创业教育、美国麻省理工学院重视产教融合与校企结合的创新创业教育模式、英国能力进阶式创新创业教育模式、加拿大创新创业教育的合作教育模式以及东亚日本韩国“官产学”创新创业教育模式等。上述创新创业教育模式均在创新型人才培育实践中展示了良好的育人成效,为培育创新型人才和促进科技创新、经济社会发展作出了积极贡献。发达国家创新创业教育理念及其实践给我国创新创业教育的启示意义在于,应扩大高校办学自主权,推动高校自主人才培养模式变革;加强政产学企一体化合作,推动教育科技人才一体化发展;加强创新教育“大师资”队伍建设,共同促进创新型人才成长;创造个性化学习条件,以学生的自主学习成长助力创新型人才成长,从而更好地推动新时代我国创新创业教育发展。Colleges and universities are the main place for talent cultivation,and the higher education in the era of innovative economy needs to face the new subject of cultivating innovative talents.The developed countries,such as the United States,have pioneered the education of innovation and entrepreneurship,and have formed their own unique models of innovation and entrepreneurship education,such as the innovation and entrepreneurship education with the core concept of“entrepreneurial genetic code”set by Babson College in the United States,the innovation and entrepreneurship education that emphasizes the integration of production and education,and the combination of schools and enterprises by Massachusetts Institute of Technology,the ability-graded innovation and entrepreneurship education model of the United Kingdom,the cooperative education model of innovation and entrepreneurship education in Canada,and the“official-industrial-academic”innovation and entrepreneurship education model of Japan and South Korea in East Asia,etc.The innovation and entrepreneurship education models mentioned above have shown huge educational achievements in the practice of cultivating innovative talents,have made positive contributions to promoting scientific and technological innovation and economic and social development.The implications of the innovation and entrepreneurship education concepts and practices in developed countries for China's innovation and entrepreneurship education are as follows:expanding the autonomy of higher education institutions,driving changes in the autonomous talent cultivation model;strengthening the integration of government,industry,and higher education institutions,promoting the coordinated development of education,science,technology,and talent;strengthening the construction of a“master resource”team for innovation education,jointly promoting the growth of innovative talents;creating personalized learning conditions to support the independent growth of students and thus better promote the deve

关 键 词：发达国家 创新教育 创业 创新创业教育 创新型人才 

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