不同病斑等级的西伯利亚红松针叶内生真菌多样性和菌群结构  

Diversity and community structure of endophytic fungi in Pinus sibirica needles with different lesion grades

作　　者：姜奕冰 宋小双 王占斌[1] 王亮 邓勋 遇文婧 Jiang Yibing;Song Xiaoshuang;Wang Zhanbin;Wang Liang;Deng Xun;Yu Wenjing(School of Forestry,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China;Heilongjiang Institute of Forest Protection,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China;Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Forest and Grassland Fire and Pest Control,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China;Luobei County Forest Seedling and Forest Disease Prevention Station,Hegang 154200,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [2]黑龙江省森林保护研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [3]黑龙江省森林草原火灾及病虫害防控重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [4]萝北县林木种苗和森林病防站,黑龙江鹤岗154200

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2024年第11期24-33,共10页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(LH2023C105);黑龙江省省属科研院所科研业务费项目(LKSB2024-9、CZKYF2022-1-B031、CZKYF2022-1-C048);国家自然科学基金项目(31670649)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同病斑等级的西伯利亚红松针叶中内生真菌的多样性和菌群结构,为西伯利亚红松生物防治提供理论依据。【方法】对西伯利亚红松针叶中的真菌进行高通量测序,并进行α和β多样性分析,利用Spearman相关性系数分析真菌间相关性,采用FUNGuild数据库预测真菌营养类群。【结果】(1)α和β多样性分析表明,健康针叶内生真菌多样性丰富。与感病针叶相比,内生真菌多样性存在显著差异,而不同病斑等级的针叶多样性差异不显著,在发病后期针叶内生真菌群落多样性相似度较高。(2)真菌群落LEfSe分析表明健康叶片样品组中的差异指示类群最多(19个)。(3)群落结构分析表明,与感病针叶内生真菌群落结构相比,健康针叶中内生真菌群落结构较复杂,其中镰刀菌属占主要地位;不同病斑等级的西伯利亚红松针叶真菌群落结构也存在差异,其中在轻度染病的针叶中43.94%的优势内生真菌为拟青霉属;随着病斑等级的加深,优势内生真菌为穴褥盘孢属。(4)已染病的针叶与健康针叶相比,内生真菌营养类群发生明显变化,健康针叶内生真菌群落营养类型相对丰度较为均匀,随着病斑等级的增加,针叶内生真菌群落营养型从病理型向腐生型转变,且存在大量未知功能菌群。【结论】在不同病斑等级的西伯利亚红松针叶内,内生真菌的多样性及其菌群结构存在显著差异(P<0.05)。在健康的针叶内,内生菌的多样性指数最高、指示类群最多。但是随着病斑面积的增加,针叶中的营养型内生真菌从病理型真菌向腐生型真菌转变。[Objective]The diversity and flora structure of endophytic fungi in needles of Pinus sibirica with different lesion grades were studied to provide a theoretical basis for the microecological control of Siberian red pine diseases. [Method] The fungi in needles of P. sibirica were sequenced by highthroughputsequencing method, α and β diversity were analyzed by Spearman correlation coefficient, andfungal trophic groups were predicted by FUNGuild database. [Result] (1) α and β diversity analysis showedthat the endophytic fungal diversity in asymptomatic needle leaves was higher, and the diversity ofendophytic fungi was significantly different from infected needles. There was no significant difference inneedle leaf diversity among different lesion grades, and the diversity of endophytic fungal communities ofneedle leaves was more similar in later stages of disease. (2) Fungal community LEfSe analyses showed thehighest number of significant biomarkers (19) in the sample group of asymptomatic needle leaves.(3) Community structure analysis showed that, compared with the endophytic fungal community structure ofinfected needle leaves, the endophytic fungal community structure of asymptomatic needle leaves was morecomplex, in which Fusarium spp. was dominated;there were also differences in the fungal communitystructure of P. sibirica needle leaves with different lesion grades, in which 43.94% of dominant endophyticfungi in mildly infected needles was Penicillium spp., and as lesion grades deepened, the dominantendophytic fungus was Dothistroma spp. (4) The endophytic fungal trophic classification of diseased needleleaves changed significantly compared with asymptomatic needles. The relative abundance of endophyticfungal trophic classification in asymptomatic needle leaves was relatively uniform, and as the level of lesionincreased, the endophytic fungal trophic classification in needle leaves shifted from pathological fungi tosaprophytic fungi, and a large number of unknown functional fungal groups existed. [Conclusion]

关 键 词：内生真菌 真菌多样性分析 西伯利亚红松 群落结构 

分 类 号：S763.1[农业科学—森林保护学]