封闭性硬底化公园水池的生态重建  

Ecological reconstruction of closed and hardened ponds

作　　者：秦红杰 陈金峰 尤毅 邹春萍 蔡茜茜 吴昊平 李敦海[2] 鲍锟山 高常军[4] 杨思雨 李建颖 QIN Hongjie;CHEN Jinfeng;YOU Yi;ZOU Chunping;CAI Xixi;WU Haoping;LIDunhai;BAO Kunshan;GAO Changjun;YANG Siyu;LI Jianying(Environmental Horticulture Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization,Guangzhou 510640,China;Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430072,China;School of Geography,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510631,China;Guangdong Academy of Forestry,Guangzhou 510520,China;Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangzhou 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院环境园艺研究所/广东省园林花卉种质创新综合利用重点实验室,广州510640 [2]中国科学院水生生物研究所,武汉430072 [3]华南师范大学地理科学学院,广州510631 [4]广东省林业科学研究院,广州510520 [5]农业农村部华南都市农业重点实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2024年第5期871-878,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41877510);高水平农科院建设科技创新战略专项资金(R2023PY-JG024,R2021YJ-QG003);广东省科技特派员项目(KTP20210029);广东省农业科学院创新基金产业专项项目(202136,202308)资助。

摘　　要：为探讨生态结构和功能丧失的硬底化公园池塘生态重建与景观提升的生物学过程,了解生态重建过程中水质等指标的阶段性变化特征,以华南地区某封闭性硬底化公园水池为研究对象,通过沉积物清理、塘泥区域性投放、基于水生植物的生态系统构建等措施,研究池塘水质的周年变化特征,探究封闭性硬底化水池生态重建与景观营造效果.结果表明,水体总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、重铬酸钾指数(CODcr)、溶解氧(DO)和叶绿素a(Chl a)年平均浓度分别为0.72±0.25mg/L、0.05±0.02 mg/L、21.51±7.64 mg/L、7.70±1.63 mg/L和24.93±10.41μg/L,生态重建3个月后水体基本维持在地表水Ⅲ类水平,同时发现池塘水生态系统经历了藻型浊水稳态到草型清水稳态的转换过程.在入侵罗非鱼有效防控的前提下,不同生活型水生植物的区域性定植是稳定硬底化公园水池水质和提升池塘景观风貌的基础.(图4表4参52)To investigate the biological processes involved in the ecological reconstruction and landscape improvement of hardened ponds suffering from ecological structural deterioration and defunctionalisation,a closed and bottom-hardened park pond in South China was selected as the research object.This study aimed to assess the characteristic changes in water quality and other indicators at different stages of ecological reconstruction.Annual changes in pond water quality were monitored and the ecological reconstruction and landscape creation effects of such a closed,bottom-hardened pond were explored through sediment cleaning,regional placement of pond mud,and ecosystem construction based on aquatic macrophytes.The results showed that after three months of ecological reconstruction,water remained at Class Ⅲ of surface water standards.The annual average concentrations of total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP),potassium dichromate index(CODcr),dissolved oxygen(DO),and chlorophyll a(Chl a)in water were 0.72±0.25 mg/L,0.05±0.02 mg/L,21.51±7.64 mg/L,7.70±1.63 mg/L and 24.93±10.41μg/L,respectively.Furthermore,the pond water ecosystem transitioned from an algae-dominated turbid state to a grass-dominated clear-water state.With effective control of invasive redbelly tilapia(Coptodon zillii),regional planting of macrophytes with different life forms is crucial for stabilizing water quality and improving the landscape in closed,bottom-hardened park ponds.

关 键 词：硬底化水池 水生植物 生态重建 景观营造 

分 类 号：TU986.5[建筑科学—城市规划与设计] X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]