长白山天然针阔混交林土壤养分空间异质性及其影响因素  

Spatial heterogeneity of soil nutrients and its influencing factors in natural coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest in Changbai Mountain

作　　者：牟晨 王海燕[1] 崔雪 赵晗 董齐琪 MU Chen;WANG Haiyan;CUI Xue;ZHAO Han;DONG Qiqi(State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources,Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education,College of Forestry,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]林木资源高效生产全国重点实验室/森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室/北京林业大学林学院,北京100083

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2024年第5期894-903,共10页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家科技基础资源调查专项基金项目(2021FY100801)资助。

摘　　要：地形、植被和土壤属性都是影响土壤养分空间变化的因素,但多个因子共同作用如何影响土壤养分空间变化的研究较少.以吉林八家子天然针阔混交林土壤为研究对象,运用经典统计学和地统计学分析土壤养分空间变异特征,采用相关性分析和结构方程模型分析影响土壤养分异质性的关键因素.结果表明:(1)两个土层的土壤pH均值分别为5.30和5.24,属弱变异,有机质、全氮、全磷、有效磷和速效钾呈中度变异(29.43%-75.18%).(2)0-20 cm土层,土壤pH、有机质、全氮和速效钾空间自相关性强,全磷空间自相关性中等,而有效磷空间自相关性较弱;20-40 cm土层,土壤pH、有效磷和速效钾空间自相关性强,其余指标呈中等空间自相关性.(3)两个土层土壤pH的低值和有机质、全氮及全磷的高值主要分布在高海拔区,空间连续性较好,而有效磷的空间分布较为破碎,速效钾高值主要分布在西北和中部.(4)结构方程模型表明地形与植被对土壤养分存在直接与间接正向影响,地形通过影响林木生长和林下植被两个路径显著影响土壤养分空间变化(P<0.05),林下植被对土壤养分空间变化影响的路径系数分别为0.30和0.35(P<0.01).综上,长白山天然针阔混交林土壤养分多为结构性因素引起的弱、中度变异,受随机因素影响的土壤养分空间分布较为破碎;结构方程模型可初步阐明各潜变量对天然针阔混交林土壤养分空间变化的影响关系.(图4表4参41)Topography,vegetation,and soil attributes affect spatial changes in soil nutrients.However,there are few studies regarding their combined effects on spatial changes in soil nutrients.Considering the soils of natural mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests in the Bajiazi Forestry Bureau of Jilin Province as research objects,we studied the spatial variation characteristics of soil nutrients using classical statistics and geostatistics.Correlation analysis and structural equation modelling were used to analyze the key factors affecting soil nutrient heterogeneity.The results showed that:(1)The mean soil pH values in the two soil layers were 5.30 and 5.24,respectively,indicating weak variation.Soil organic matter(SOM),total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP),available phosphorus(AP),and readily available potassium(AK),all varied moderately,with coefficients of variation(CV)ranging between 29.43% and 75.18%.(2)In the 0-20 cm topsoil layer,the spatial autocorrelation was strong for soil pH,SOM,TN,and AK,while moderate for TP,and weak for AP;Meanwhile,in the 20-40 cm soil layer,soil pH,AP,and AK showed strong spatial autocorrelation,while the other indicators showed moderate spatial autocorrelation.(3)Low pH values and high SOM,TN,and TP contents in both soil layers were mainly distributed in high-altitude areas with good spatial continuity.The spatial distribution of AP was relatively fragmented.The high AK contents were mainly distributed in the northwest and central regions.(4)The structural equation model showed that topography and vegetation had direct and indirect positive effects on soil nutrients.Topography significantly affected the spatial changes in soil nutrients via tree growth and understory vegetation(P<0.05).The path coefficients of understorey vegetation on the spatial variation of soil nutrients were 0.30 and 0.35(P<0.01).In conclusion,soil nutrients in the natural coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forests in Changbai Mountain mainly showed weak and moderate variation caused by structural factors,and

关 键 词：天然针阔混交林 土壤养分 地统计学 普通克里格插值 空间变异 

分 类 号：S714.8[农业科学—林学]