Optimizing nitrogen management can improve stem lodging resistance and stabilize the grain yield of japonica rice in rice-crayfish coculture systems  

作　　者：Qiang Xu Jingyong Li Hui Gao Xinyi Yang Zhi Dou Xiaochun Yuan Weiyan Gao Hongcheng Zhang 

机构地区：[1]Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Agricultural College,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China [2]Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China [3]Research Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering Technology,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China [4]Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region,Institute of Subtropical Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha 410125,China [5]Jiangsu Xuyi Crayfish Industry Development Co.,Ltd.,Huai’an 211700,China

出　　处：《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》2024年第12期3983-3997,共15页农业科学学报（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32301961);the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(BK20210791);the General Project of Philosophy and Social Science Research in Colleges and Universities in Jiangsu Province,China(2023SJYB2057);the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions,China(PAPD);the Qinglan Project of Yangzhou University,China;the Lv Yang Jin Feng Talent Plan of Yangzhou City,China(YZLYJF2020PHD100)。

摘　　要：Nitrogen(N)significantly affects rice yield and lodging resistance.Previous studies have primarily investigated the impact of N management on rice lodging in conventional rice monoculture(RM);however,few studies have performed such investigations in rice-crayfish coculture(RC).We hypothesized that RC would increase rice lodging risk and that optimizing N application practices would improve rice lodging resistance without affecting food security.We conducted a two-factor(rice farming mode and N management practice)field experiment from2021 to 2022 to test our hypothesis.The rice farming modes included RM and RC,and the N management practices included no nitrogen fertilizer,conventional N application,and optimized N treatment.The rice yield and lodging resistance characteristics,such as morphology,mechanical and chemical characteristics,anatomic structure,and gene expression levels,were analyzed and compared among the treatments.Under the same N application practice,RC decreased the rice yield by 11.1-24.4% and increased the lodging index by 19.6-45.6% compared with the values yielded in RM.In RC,optimized N application decreased the plant height,panicle neck node height,center of gravity height,bending stress,and lodging index by 4.0-4.8%,5.2-7.8%,0.5-4.5%,5.5-10.5%,and 1.8-19.5%,respectively,compared with those in the conventional N application practice.Furthermore,it increased the culm diameter,culm wall thickness,breaking strength,and non-structural and structural carbohydrate content by 0.8-4.9%,2.2-53.1%,13.5-19.2%,2.2-24.7%,and 31.3-87.2%,respectively.Optimized N application increased sclerenchymal and parenchymal tissue areas of the vascular bundle at the culm wall of the base second internode.Furthermore,optimized N application upregulated genes involved in lignin and cellulose synthesis,thereby promoting lower internodes on the rice stem and enhancing lodging resistance.Optimized N application in RC significantly reduced the lodging index by 1.8-19.5%and stabilized the rice yield(>8,570 kg ha~(-1)on avera

关 键 词：RICE lodging resistance nitrogen regulation anatomical structure rice-crayfish coculture 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]