明清时期新会陈皮与化州橘红的道地药材建构——以地方志为中心的考察  

Ming and Qing Dynasty Construction of Xinhui Dried Orange Peels and Huazhou Dried Red Orange Peels as Genuine Original Medicinal Materials-A Survey Centered Around Local Records

作　　者：郭幼为 王微[2] Guo Youwei;Wang Wei

机构地区：[1]仲恺农业工程学院马克思主义学院 [2]南方医科大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《中国地方志》2024年第5期74-82,M0005,M0006,共11页China Local Records

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“晋唐以来廿五种道地植物药的形成史研究”(项目批准号:23YJC770007);中国博士后科学基金第73批面上资助课题“宋元以来若干植物药的本草书写与道地药材建构研究”(项目批准号:2023M731317);广东省哲学社会科学规划2024年度学科共建项目“汉代以来广东地区若干植物药的本草知识书写与道地药材建构研究(公元前202-公元1840)”(项目批准号:GD24XZL01)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：对于柑橘,一般认为出现的时间为先有橘后有柑,柑较受欢迎,陈橘皮(陈皮)的药用价值则更高。早在《神农本草经》时代,橘柚(皮)已见诸记载并已具养生食疗之效。从南朝到明代柑橘入药渐进开展,到《本草纲目》柑橘橙柚的药用体系搭建完毕,在药疗和食疗方面影响深远。明以后“广陈皮”作为道地药材被医家广泛认可和使用。清以后受商业贸易、地方宣传等因素影响,新会陈皮与化州橘红脱颖而出成为橘柚(皮)中家喻户晓的道地药材。In terms of oranges,it is generally believed that ju(a type of Mandarin orange)first appeared before gan(another type of Mandarin orange),whereas the medicinal value of dried ju peels is higher than gan.As early as the time of Shennong(Divine Farmer)Herbal Classics,oranges(peels)were already recorded and known to have health enhancing and therapeutic effects.From the Southern Dynasties to Ming Dynasty,the adoption of oranges as medicinal materials gradually developed.By the time of Compendium of Materia Medica,the medicinal system of gan,ju,cheng(yet another type of Mandarin orange),and pomelo was established and completed,which had far-reaching influences in terms of medical treatments and food therapy.After Ming Dynasty,"Guangdong dried orange peels"were widely recognized and used by medical doctors as genuine original medicinal materials.After Qing Dynasty,under the influences of elements such as trade and commerce and local promotions,Xinhui Dried Orange Peels and Huazhou Dried Red Orange Peels emerged as genuine original medicinal materials known to every Chinese household.

关 键 词：柑橘 橘皮 新会陈皮 化州橘红 道地药材 

分 类 号：K29[历史地理—历史学] K248[历史地理—中国史] R28[医药卫生—中药学]