央行数字货币能带来货币国际化吗  

Can Central Bank Digital Currency Bring about Currency Internationalization?

作　　者：宋科[1,2] 孙翼 朱斯迪 Song Ke;Sun Yi;Zhu Sidi

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学财政金融学院 [2]中国人民大学中国财政金融政策研究中心、国际货币研究所 [3]中国人民大学金融科技研究所 [4]中国农业银行 [5]对外经济贸易大学 [6]中国人民大学国际货币研究所

出　　处：《国际经济评论》2024年第6期103-124,7,共23页International Economic Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“依托中非命运共同体建设推动数字人民币国际化研究”(项目编号:21&ZD116);上海交通大学现代金融研究基金的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：当前,随着央行数字货币的兴起和发展,其对货币国际化与国际货币体系变革的影响引发关注。货币国际化受经济、政治、文化以及军事等综合因素的影响,是一个长期滞后于经济金融全球化的“慢变量”。目前来看,货币数字化并不必然带来货币国际化,货币数字化并不等同于货币国际化。然而,在数字化时代,货币国际化一定需要货币数字化的支撑。央行数字货币有望给货币国际化带来至少以下三方面的边际改进:一是央行数字货币能够改进现行跨境支付方式,通过提高效率、降低成本以及规避制裁等方式,推动跨境支付体系的变革;二是央行数字货币的智能合约技术不仅能够拓展跨境支付的应用场景,而且能通过预设触发条件来缓解跨境使用央行数字货币的风险,进而提升央行数字货币的国际接受度;三是央行数字货币在便利性与匿名性方面相对更具优势,这有助于在数字化时代实现隐私保护和支付效率之间的平衡,从而提高公众接受央行数字货币的程度。With the rise and development of the central bank digital currency,attention has been paid to its impact on currency internationalization and international monetary system transformation.Currency internationalization is subject to the impact of a combination of economic,political,cultural and military factors,and is a"slow variable"that lags behind economic and financial globalization.At present,currency digitalization does not necessarily bring about or is the same to currency internationalization.However,in the digital age,currency digitalization is indispensable for currency internationalization.The central bank digital currency is expected to bring at least the following three marginal improvements to currency internationalization.First,it can improve the existing cross-border payment,and promote reform of the crossborder payment system by improving efficiency,reducing costs,and circumventing sanctions.Second,the smart contract technology of the central bank digital currency can not only expand cross-border payment scenarios,but also mitigate the risk of cross-border use of the central bank digital currency by presetting triggering conditions,thus enhancing the international acceptance of the central bank digital currency.Third,the central bank digital currency is relatively more advantageous in terms of convenience and anonymity.This helps to achieve a balance between privacy protection and payment efficiency in the digital age,and increases public acceptance of the central bank digital currency.

关 键 词：央行数字货币 货币国际化 跨境支付 智能合约 匿名性 

分 类 号：F831.6[经济管理—金融学] F49F821