油菜秸秆和玉米青贮混贮对发酵品质和瘤胃发酵特性的影响  

Effects of Mix-ensiling Canola Straw and Corn Silage on Silage Quality and Rumen Fermentation

作　　者：张建军[1,2] 普宣宣 易思宇 张秀敏 王荣[2] 马志远[3] 李秋爽[2] 郑琛 王敏[2] ZHANG Jianjun;PU Xuanxuan;YI Siyu;ZHANG Xiumin;WANG Rong;MA Zhiyuan;LI Qiushuang;ZHENG Chen;WANG Min(College of Animal Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Institute of Subtropical Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha 410125,China;College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所,湖南长沙410125 [3]兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2024年第11期31-36,共6页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA26040203);湖南省重点研发项目(2022NK2021;2020NK2066);国家自然科学基金(31922080,32002204,31860656,31860657,32160803);宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2021BEF02020);湖南省优秀博士后创新人才项目(2021RC2102);中国科学院亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室开放基金(ISA2021203)。

摘　　要：试验旨在研究油菜秸秆和玉米青贮混贮后的发酵品质,并结合体外模拟瘤胃发酵试验评估其饲用价值。试验选用风干油菜秸秆和新鲜的玉米青贮进行混贮,油菜秸秆与玉米青贮混合比例为2∶1(干物质基础),混合物含水量为60%。取一部分混合物作为对照组,剩余部分装入发酵桶(5 L)中进行发酵,作为混贮组。每组3个重复。在发酵49 d后开封取样,进行发酵品质评定和体外模拟瘤胃发酵试验。结果发现:油菜秸秆和玉米青贮混贮达到优良发酵饲草等级,显著降低了中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)(P≤0.05)。油菜秸秆和玉米青贮混贮后显著提高了体外模拟瘤胃发酵的干物质降解率(DMD)、中性洗涤纤维降解率(NDFD)、总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)浓度和微生物蛋白(MCP)产量(P≤0.05),显著降低了乙丙比和甲烷产量(P≤0.05)。研究结果表明:油菜秸秆和玉米青贮混贮能够取得较好的饲草发酵品质,提高体外模拟瘤胃发酵的纤维降解率及TVFA浓度,促进瘤胃发酵模式向丙酸生成型转变,同时减少甲烷产量。是一种能够提高油菜秸秆饲用价值的有效发酵方式。The aim of the study was to investigate the fermentation quality of mix-ensiling canola straw and corn silage,and evaluate its feeding value by in vitro ruminal simulation test.Canola straw and fresh fresh corn silage were mixed(2∶1,dry matter basis),with 60% of moisture content in the mixture.part of the mixture was collected and treated as the control group,while the rest was fermented in vessels(5 L)for 49 d(7W)and treated as mix-ensiling group,each group has 3 repetitions.The fermentation quality of mixed ensilages was evaluated after 49 days.and in vitro ruminal simulation test was conducted.Results showed the mix-ensiling canola straw and corn silage attained a superior femented feed level,which decreased the neutral detergent fiber(NDF)and acid detergent fiber(ADF)content(P≤0.05).The mix-ensilage had greatly improved dry matter digestibility(DMD)and neutral detergent fiber degradation(NDFD),total volatile fatty acid(TVFA)and microbial crude protein(MCP)concentrations(P≤0.05),but it significantly lowered acetate to propionate ratio and methane production(P≤0.05).The results reveal that mix-ensiling canola straw and corn silage can generate excellent fermentation quality,and enhance the fiber degradation rate and TVFA concentration.Additionally,it can promote a shift towards propinate production in the rumen fermentation pattern,and reduce methane production.Therefore,the mix-ensiling canola straw and corn silage is a potential strategy to improve the feeding value of canola straw.

关 键 词：玉米青贮 油菜秸秆 混贮 体外瘤胃发酵 

分 类 号：S816.53[农业科学—饲料科学]