贵州南北盘江浮游植物群落结构变化及优势种生态位特征  

Phytoplankton Community Structure and Dominant Species Niches in Nanpan and Beipan Rivers in Guizhou Province

作　　者：杨波 张靖泽 肖晶[1,2,3] 夏伟 李秋华 YANG Bo;ZHANG Jing-ze;XIAO Jing;XIA Wei;LI Qiu-hua(Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Area and Protection of Ecological Environment of Guizhou Province,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550001,P.R.China;Guizhou International Cooperative Research Base-International Joint Research Center for Water Ecology,Guiyang 550001,P.R.China;Guizhou Plateau Reservoir Water Environmental Protection and Ecological Restoration Engineering Technology Research Center,Guiyang 550001,P.R.China;Maotai College Department of Resources and Environment,Renhuai 564507,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学贵州省山地环境信息系统和生态环境保护重点实验室,贵州贵阳550001 [2]贵州省国际合作研究基地水生态国际联合研究中心,贵州贵阳550001 [3]贵州省高原水库水环境保护与生态修复工程技术研究中心,贵州贵阳550001 [4]茅台学院资源环境系,贵州仁怀564507

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2024年第6期125-133,共9页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：科技部基础资源调查项目(2019FY101900);贵州省科技厅项目(黔科合平台人才[2020]6009);贵州省教育厅青年科技人才成长项目(黔教合KY字[2018]470)。

摘　　要：探究浮游植物群落结构的变化规律及生态位特征,为南北盘江的水资源保护提供理论依据。于2020年10月(平水期)和2021年4月(枯水期)、7月(丰水期)对南北盘江的浮游植物群落结构进行调查,计算其生态位宽度和生态位重叠值,分析优势种间的相互关系。南盘江3次采样共鉴定出浮游植物52种,平均丰度为6.44×10^(5)~13.60×10^(5)个/L;北盘江鉴定出32种,平均丰度为2.04×10^(5)~3.67×10^(5)个/L。优势种南盘江9种,北盘江6种,其中啮蚀隐藻(Cryptomonas erosa)为全年优势种。优势种生态位宽度南盘江为0.160~0.689,北盘江为0.173~0.516。生态位重叠值南盘江为0.098~0.987,北盘江为0.078~0.981。南盘江有21组、北盘江6组优势种的生态位重叠值超过0.6,表明这27组优势种对于生态资源的利用较为相似,存在一定竞争关系。枯水期南北盘江浮游植物处于发展阶段,丰度开始增加;而丰水期浮游植物丰度逐渐衰退,群落物种多样性及物种组成季节变化明显。In this study,we explored the changes in phytoplankton community structure in the Nanpan and Beipan Rivers,analyzed the ecological niche of dominant phytoplankton species and their response to environmental conditions.Our objective was to provide data and theoretical support for water resource conservation in the Nanpan and Beipan Rivers.The investigation was carried out at 16 sampling sites in October(normal season)2020 and April(dry season)and July(wet season)2021.The relationship be-tween dominant phytoplankton species was analyzed using ecological niche width and overlap.A total of 52 phytoplankton species were detected in Nanpan River and 32 species in the Beipan River,and the phy-toplankton abundance varied from 6.44×10^(5)to 13.6×10^(5)cells/L in the Nanpan River and from 2.04×10^(5)to 3.67×10^(5)cells/L in Beipan River.Nine dominant species were detected in Nanpan River and six dominant species in the Beipan River,with Cryptomonas erosa dominating throughout the year in both rivers.The ecological niche width of the dominant species was in the range of 0.160-0.689 in Nanpan River and 0.173-0.516 in Beipan River,while the ecological niche overlap of the Nanpan and Beipan Rivers were in the ranges of 0.098-0.987 and 0.078-0.981,respectively.There were 21 dominant phytoplankton groups in Nanpan River and 6 dominant groups in Beipan River with niche overlap values exceeding 0.6,indicat-ing a relatively similar utilization of ecological resources,with some competition.By analyzing the niche characteristics of the dominant phytoplankton species in the Nanpan and Beipan Rivers,we were able to understand the change law for community succession of the dominant species.The phytoplankton commu-nity in the Nanpan and Beipan Rivers are in the growth stage during dry season,and phytoplankton abun-dance increased.Conversely,phytoplankton abundance gradually declined during the wet season.The phytoplankton community presented obvious seasonal variations in species diversity and composition.

关 键 词：浮游植物 优势种 生态位 南北盘江 

分 类 号：Q178.1[生物学—水生生物学]