怒江源头地区那曲河热裸裂尻鱼繁殖生物学研究  

Reproductive Biology of Schizopygopsis thermalis Herzenstein from Naqu River,Nujiang River Headwaters

作　　者：朱峰跃[1] 李钊 王起 段辛斌[1] 陈大庆[1] 刘绍平[1] 刘明典[1] ZHU Feng-yue;LI Zhao;WANG Qi;DUAN Xin-bin;CHNE Da-qing;LIU Shao-ping;LIU Ming-dian(National Agricultural Science Observing and Experimental Station of Chongqing,Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Fishery Science,Wuhan 430223,P.R.China;National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所国家农业科学重庆观测实验站,湖北武汉430223 [2]上海海洋大学,水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心,上海201306

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2024年第6期145-151,共7页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：农业部“西南重点水域渔业资源与环境调查专项”;中国水产科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(2023TD09)。

摘　　要：了解怒江源头地区那曲河热裸裂尻鱼基础生物学概况,研究其繁殖生物学,为评估热裸裂尻鱼生态适应性规律、进行资源管理和物种保护提供理论依据。2017年9月、2018年7月和10月在怒江源头那曲河采集309尾热裸裂尻鱼(Schizopygopsis thermalis),进行了生物学参数测定,包括年龄、体长、体重、繁殖力等,计算了性比、性腺成熟系数,评估了性成熟年龄,预测了产卵类型。结果显示:热裸裂尻鱼个体绝对繁殖力(F)为2943~16657粒,平均(7685±3527)粒;个体体长相对繁殖力(F_(L))为10.15~52.71粒/mm,平均(25.00±10.57)粒/mm;个体体重相对繁殖力(F_(W))为10.68~48.01粒/g,平均(23.91±8.21)粒/g。个体繁殖力与各基础生物学指标的相关性分析显示F、F_(L)与体长、体重、空壳重、卵巢重、年龄和丰满度之间的相关性极显著(P<0.01),与性腺成熟系数相关性不显著(F>0.05),F_(W)仅与卵巢重和性腺成熟系数具有显著相关性(0.01<P<0.05)。雌雄比为2.78:1,性腺成熟系数范围为0.39%~11.75%,雌鱼最小性成熟年龄为6龄,雄鱼最小性成熟年龄为4龄。根据热裸裂尻鱼卵径频率分布特征,推测其产卵类型为完全同步型一次性产卵。Schizopygopsis thermalis Herzenstein,belonging to Schizothoracinae,Cyprinidae and Cyprin-iformes,is a fish species endemic to the Tibetan Plateau and primarily distributed in the Danggula Moun-tains and Nujiang River system.This article describes the reproductive features of S.thermalis Herzen-stein in Naqu River of the Nujiang River headwaters.Our objective was to provide a theoretical basis for assessing the adaptability,management,and conservation of the species.A total of 309 S.thermalis Her-zenstein specimens were collected in Naqu River in September 2017,and July and October 2018.The body length and weight of the specimens were measured in situ,otoliths and gonads were collected for identification of age,sex and gonad development stage,and 36 female S.thermalis Herzenstein with ova-ries at stage IV were selected for determination of fecundity.The population size,interspecific and intra-specific differences in reproductive capacity,and the spawning types of S.thermalis Herzenstein were then analyzed based on the results.The ranges in body length,body weight,ovary weight,and fatness were 34-392 mm,0.45-617.75 g,0.18-40.78 g,0.50-1.50 g/cm^(3),and the mean±SD values were(199.9±81.7)mm,(164.10±157.98)g,(11.38±9.95)g,and(1.07±0.13)g/cm^(3).The range of absolute fecundity(F)of S.thermalis Herzenstein was 2943-16657 eggs and averaged(7685±3527)eggs,and the range for relative fecundity by weight(F_(W))was 10.68-48.01 eggs/g and,by length(F_(L)),10.15-52.71 eggs/mm,with average values of(23.91±8.21)eggs/g and(25.00±10.57)eggs/mm.Among the 309 samples,the sex of 151 individuals were identified,with 111 females and 40 males,resulting in a female-to-male ratio of 2.78:1,and the coefficient of gonadal maturity ranged from 0.39%to 11.75%.All specimens were in the age range of 1-11 years,and the minimum age of sexual maturity for females was 6 years and that of males was 4 years.The diameter distribution of eggs indicates that S.thermalis Herzenstein spawns once annually,exhibiting a completely synchronous and sin

关 键 词：热裸裂尻鱼 繁殖力 怒江源头 那曲河 

分 类 号：Q959.405[生物学—动物学]