工厂化鳗鲡养殖尾水生态处理技术研究与应用  

Ecological Treatment of Intensive Eel Aquaculture Tail Water

作　　者：王行 江兴龙 王泽旭 刘勇 WANG Hang;JIANG Xing-long;WANG Ze-xu;LIU Yong(Engineering Research Center of the Modern Industry Technology for Eel,Ministry of Education,Fisheries College of Jimei University,Xiamen 361021,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]集美大学水产学院,鳗鲡现代产业技术教育部工程研究中心,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2024年第6期204-210,共7页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：福建省科技厅高校产学合作项目(2020N5009);福建省科技厅星火项目(2021S0029);国家重点研发计划课题(2020YFD0900102)。

摘　　要：应用生物膜净水栅,结合生物生态处理技术,对鳗鲡养殖尾水进行生态处理,使处理后的出水水质能达标排放,为我国水产养殖尾水处理提供技术参考。设置一级鱼类混养池和二级狐尾藻协同生物膜水处理池,组合构建了养殖尾水生态处理系统,对工厂化鳗鲡养殖尾水进行生态处理,并开展了92 d的美洲鳗鲡工厂化养殖尾水处理示范应用。结果表明:生态处理系统日平均处理养殖尾水的水量为3000 m^(3),系统处理尾水的水力停留时间(THR)为64 h,经系统处理后排放水的总磷浓度为(0.356±0.054)mg/L(0.302~0.410 mg/L),总氮浓度为(1.834±0.301)mg/L(1.533~2.135 mg/L),高锰酸盐指数和pH分别为(4.15±0.42)mg/L和6.68±0.34,水质符合《淡水池塘养殖水排放要求》的一级标准。生态处理系统具有处理效率高、出水水质稳定良好、成本低、环保安全和易推广应用等优点。With the expansion of aquaculture in China,the issue of meeting discharge standards for aqua-culture tailwaters has become a bottleneck in the development of sustainable aquaculture.From June 10 to September 9 of 2022,we carried out a 92-day trial for the ecological treatment of ell aquaculture tail wa-ter using a self-constructed ecological water treatment system.Our aim was to ensure the treated water quality met discharge standards and provide a technical reference for treating aquaculture tail water in China.The system consisted of a primary polyculture fishpond and a secondary aquatic plant-biofilm integrated water treatment pond.Four types of fish with different feeding habits and different water layer habitats were placed into the polyculture pond.The fish types included a herbivore,an omnivore,a scraper and a filter-feeder at a ratio of 2.3:6.0:0.6:0.9.In the second-stage water treatment pond,Myriophyllum verticillatum was selected as the main aquatic plant,with an initial density of 0.2 kg/m²,and biofilm water purification grids were suspended in the water to form a large area of biofilm providing a density of 3%of the pond water volume.Every 15 days,a team-developed bacterial solution containing nitrifying bacteria,denitrifying bacteria,and phosphorus-accumulating bacteria was sprinkled into the M.verticillatum-biofilm integrated water treatment pond.The water surface areas of the first and second ponds were 1800 m²and 3000 m².During the trial,water samples were collected from the outlet of each treatment unit of the system every 7 days for determination of major water quality factors.The pH,water temperature,and dissolved oxygen of each treatment unit of the ecological treatment system were monitored on-site every day.The average daily volume of tail water treated by the system was 3000 m^(3),and the average hydraulic retention time(THR)of the treated tail water was 64 h.The total phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations of the treated tail water at the outlet were in the ranges of 0.302-0.410 mg/L an

关 键 词：鳗鲡 养殖尾水 生物膜 生物生态 水处理系统 

分 类 号：X714[环境科学与工程—环境工程]