短距垂直起降飞机推进系统典型构型及控制系统  

Typical configuration and control system for short take-off and vertical landing aircraft propulsion systems

作　　者：王向阳[1] 徐丰[1] 刘晟奕 郑俊超 刘凯[1] WANG Xiangyang;XU Feng;LIU Shengyi;ZHENG Junchao;LIU Kai(Institute for Aero Engine,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学航空发动机研究院,北京100084

出　　处：《推进技术》2024年第12期1-23,共23页Journal of Propulsion Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61973182)。

摘　　要：短距垂直起降飞机具有短距起飞、垂直降落、水平飞行等多个模式,对推力控制性能提出了特殊的要求。本文总结20世纪80年代末以来出现的超声速短距垂直起降飞机推进系统,分别介绍其组成与原理,比较推进系统参数及性能指标,并给出推进系统控制技术的发展状况。发展趋势表明,以X-32B为代表的共用型布局具有最高的推进复用性,且飞行控制较为容易。而以F-35B为代表的复合型布局与常规飞机气动布局相似,推进系统能够适应工作点的显著变化,且具有较高的推进系统复用性,是短距垂直起降飞机推进系统的发展趋势。同时,复合型推进系统使得飞机控制系统与推进控制系统存在强耦合,因此在推进系统控制中应用基于模型的约束动态逆控制对控制量解耦,以提升飞行品质,降低飞行员负担,满足快速推力响应需求,实现短距离起飞与垂直起降。Short Take-off and Vertical Landing(STOVL)aircraft,characterized by multiple flight modes such as short take-off,vertical landing,and conventional flight,pose unique demands on the thrust control per⁃formance.This paper provides a summary of the propulsion systems of supersonic STOVL aircraft that have emerged since the late 1980s,introduces their principles,comparing parameters and performance indicators of propulsion systems,and presenting the development status of propulsion system control techniques.Development trends indicate that shared type represented by the X-32B offers the highest propulsion reusability and easier flight control.Mixed type represented by the F-35B has high reusability,like conventional aircraft aerodynamic layouts,and its propulsion system can adapt to significant changes in operating points,indicating a development trend for STOVL aircraft propulsion systems.In addition,the mixed type propulsion system leads to strong cou⁃pling between the aircraft control system and the propulsion control system.Therefore,model-based constrained dynamic inverse control is applied in the propulsion system control to decouple the control variables.This ap⁃proach aims to enhance flight quality,reduce pilot workload,meet the rapid thrust response requirements,and achieve short take-off and vertical landing.

关 键 词：短距垂直起降 推进系统构型 推进系统控制 飞推综合控制 综述 

分 类 号：V235.1[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]