气体中心式气液同轴离心多喷嘴耦合喷雾特性研究  

Coupled spray characteristics of gas-centered gas-liquid coaxial swirl multi-nozzles

作　　者：乔文通 章洪涛 王少岩 张冰冰 杨小琮 富庆飞[1,4] QIAO Wentong;ZHANG Hongtao;WANG Shaoyan;ZHANG Bingbing;YANG Xiaocong;FU Qingfei(School of Astronautics,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China;Shanghai Institute of Space Propulsion,Shanghai 201112,China;Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Space Engine,Shanghai 201112,China;National Key Laboratory of Aerospace Liquid Propulsion,Xi’an 710199,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学宇航学院,北京100191 [2]上海空间推进研究所,上海201112 [3]上海空间发动机工程技术研究中心,上海201112 [4]航天液体动力全国重点实验室,陕西西安710199

出　　处：《推进技术》2024年第12期181-193,共13页Journal of Propulsion Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12272026,11922201,U1837211)。

摘　　要：高温燃气流风洞的加热段喷注面板由数百个气液同轴离心喷嘴组成,各喷嘴间存在强烈的喷雾干涉现象,导致喷雾场相互耦合。为探究气体中心式气液同轴离心喷嘴喷雾的耦合对雾化特性及流场均匀性的影响,通过实验和仿真的方式研究了不同气液比对多喷嘴雾化特性的影响,以及喷嘴间距和喷嘴数目对喷雾流强分布的影响。设计安装多喷嘴的喷注器,搭建喷雾检测实验台,采用高速相机拍摄喷雾图像,采用马尔文激光粒度仪测量喷雾场中的液滴尺寸;并设计了流强测量系统,以测量喷雾场的流强分布。采用流体体积法(Volume of Fluid,VOF)和网格自适应技术(Adaptive Mesh Refinement,AMR)对多喷嘴的耦合喷雾场进行模拟。结果表明,仿真结果与实验测得的流量分布基本吻合;在液体流量较大的工况下,喷雾锥角基本稳定,粒径大小受液膜撞击破碎和液滴撞击聚合双重作用的影响;随着喷嘴间距的增加,喷雾分布的不均匀性增强;并且当存在3个及以上喷嘴时,喷雾场两两相互干涉,在喷雾耦合区域出现流强高峰。The spray panel at the heated section of a high-temperature gas-flow wind tunnel consists of hundreds of gas-liquid swirl coaxial nozzles.There is a strong spray interference phenomenon among the nozzles,resulting in mutual coupling of the spray fields.In order to investigate the effects of the coupling of gas-centered gas-liquid coaxial swirl nozzle sprays on the atomization characteristics and flow field uniformity,the effects of different gas-liquid ratios on the atomization characteristics of the multiple nozzles,as well as the effects of the nozzle spacing and the number of nozzles on the spray flow intensity distribution are investigated by means of ex⁃periments and simulations.Design and install the injector with multiple nozzles.Build a spray testing experimen⁃tal bench.Take spray images with a high-speed camera.Measure the droplet size in the spray field using a Mal⁃vern laser particle size meter.And design a flow intensity measurement system to measure the flow intensity distri⁃bution in the spray field.The coupled spray field with multiple nozzles was simulated using the VOF(Volume of Fluid)method and the Adaptive Mesh Refinement(AMR)technique.The results show that the simulation results are basically consistent with the experimentally measured flow distribution.The spray cone angle is basically sta⁃bilized under the working condition of large liquid flow rate.The particle size is affected by the dual effects of liq⁃uid film impact fragmentation and droplet impact polymerization.With the increase of nozzle spacing,the inhomo⁃geneity of the spray distribution is enhanced.When three or more nozzles are present,the spray field interferes with each other,and flow intensity peaks occur in the spray coupling region.

关 键 词：气液同轴离心喷嘴 多喷嘴 喷雾场耦合 雾化特性 流量强度 

分 类 号：V19[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]