福建深沪湾砂质海岸地形地貌特征及自然灾害承灾能力研究  

Study on topographic and geomorphological features and natural disaster capacity of sandy coast in Shenhu Bay,Fujian

作　　者：李荣茂 LI Rongmao(Fujian Fishery Resources Monitoring Center,Fuzhou 350003,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省渔业资源监测中心,福建福州350003

出　　处：《热带海洋学报》2024年第6期72-79,共8页Journal of Tropical Oceanography

基　　金：福建省科技计划项目(2023N0028);2024年福建省海洋服务与渔业高质量发展专项。

摘　　要：砂质海岸是滨海湿地生态系统类型之一,具有重要的生态服务功能,同时也易受到人类活动和全球气候变化的影响。2022年9月和12月在福建深沪湾砂质海岸布设10条调查剖面,开展秋冬两个季节的砂质海岸地形、地貌特征观测以及沉积物粒度测定,基于砂质海岸资源禀赋评估指标、自然灾害承灾能力评估指标以及相应的分级等级赋值,对福建深沪湾砂质海岸自然资源禀赋和自然灾害承灾能力进行了综合评估。深沪湾秋季沙滩潮间带宽度150~800m,冬季为150~950m,总体呈中间窄两边宽趋势,潮间带坡度总体较缓。与秋季相比,冬季高程、干滩宽度和潮间带宽度均有所增加。2条沉积物粒度特征调查剖面的滩肩区成分均为砂,高潮区沉积物成分均为砂和砾石,中潮和低潮区主要成分为砂和粉砂,但秋季和冬季组分存在差异。深沪湾砂质海岸海滩总体自然资源禀赋较好,但由于受到向海开阔度、相对潮差等因素的影响,自然灾害承灾能力不高。研究成果可为掌握福建深沪湾砂质海岸地形、地貌基本特征提供了第一手基本数据,为提升福建深沪湾砂质海岸海滩自然资源禀赋、自然灾害承灾能力以及砂质海岸保护修复提供技术支撑。Sandy coast is one type of coastal wetland ecosystems,which has important ecological service functions and is also susceptible to human activities and global changes.In September and December 2022,ten survey profiles were set up on the sandy coast in the Shenhu Bay,Fujian Province to conduct observations of the terrain and geomorphic characteristics as well as measurements of sediment granularity.A comprehensive evaluation of the natural resource endowment and disaster bearing capacity of the sandy coast in the Shenhu Bay was conducted based on the related national standards which provide corresponding indexes and grading criteria.The width of intertidal zone of Shenhu Bay beach is 150–800 m in autumn and 150–950 m in winter.The overall trend is narrow in the middle and wide on both sides.The slope of intertidal zone is generally slow.Elevation,dry beach width and intertidal zone width increase in winter,compared with those of autumn.For two of the sediment grain size characteristics survey sections,the composition of the beach shoulder area is sand,the composition of the sediments in the high tide area is sand and gravel,and the main components in the middle tide and low tide areas are sand and silt,but the components vary across the seasons.The overall natural resource endowment of the sandy coast in the Shenhu Bay is good,but due to factors such as seaward width and relative tidal range,the natural disaster bearing capacity is moderate.As the first-hand basic data of Shenhu Bay,the research results provide technological support for improving its natural resource endowment,natural disaster bearing capacity,and protection and restoration of the sandy coast.

关 键 词：砂质海岸 地形地貌特征 自然资源禀赋 承灾能力 福建深沪湾 

分 类 号：P737.1[天文地球—海洋地质] X43[天文地球—海洋科学]