2023年春季南沙珊瑚岛礁主要鱼类碳氮稳定同位素研究  

Characteristics of carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes of major fish species in coral reefs of the Nansha Islands in spring 2023

作　　者：邱星宇 刘庆霞 陈作志 蔡研聪[2] 黄洪辉[1,2,3] QIU Xingyu;LIU Qingxia;CHEN Zuozhi;CAI Yancong;HUANG Honghui(College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment,Guangzhou 510300,China;Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute,Sanya 572018,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,广东省渔业生态环境重点实验室,广东广州510300 [3]三亚热带水产研究院,海南三亚572018

出　　处：《热带海洋学报》2024年第6期104-113,共10页Journal of Tropical Oceanography

基　　金：中国水产科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费(2023TD15);中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(2021SD03);广东省渔业生态环境重点实验室开放基金项目(FEEL-2022-9);农业农村部财政专项(NFZX2021)。

摘　　要：为了解南沙群岛珊瑚礁主要鱼类的营养结构特征,本研究于2023年春季在南沙永暑礁和美济礁珊瑚礁海域采集了23种鱼类,并应用碳、氮稳定同位素(δ^(13)C和δ^(15)N)技术,分析了珊瑚礁主要鱼类的营养结构特征和组成,构建了连续营养级谱。永暑礁鱼类的δ^(13)C介于-18.74‰~-14.33‰,均值为(-16.33±1.28)‰;δ^(15)N介于5.96‰~9.37‰,均值为(8.46±0.48)‰。美济礁鱼类的δ^(13)C介于-18.01‰~-12.70‰,均值为(-15.02±1.53)‰;δ^(15)N介于7.31‰~8.82‰,均值为(8.21±0.93)‰。永暑礁和美济礁鱼类的δ^(13)C值差异显著,美济礁鱼类食物来源更广;δ^(15)N值无显著性差异,两者的营养层次结构组成相似。通过鱼类的碳氮稳定同位素聚类分析结果,可将两个岛礁的鱼类均可划分为底栖性鱼类和底栖性、游泳性鱼类混合营养组群,其中美济礁的营养组群划分模糊,肉食性鱼类存在明显的摄食竞争情况。美济礁和永暑礁营养级范围分别为2.79~3.23和2.39~3.39,两个珊瑚岛礁均以中、低营养级的肉食性鱼类为主,大部分肉食性鱼类处于较窄的生态位范围内。与近岸热带亚热带海湾相比,南沙珊瑚岛礁的鱼类群落营养结构组成更复杂,食物来源更广泛,群落冗余度较低。本研究结果可为南沙珊瑚岛礁渔业资源的保护和可持续管理提供基础资料和科学依据。To investigate the trophic structure characteristics of the main fish species in the coral reefs of the Nansha Islands,twenty three fish species were collected from waters of the Yongshu Reef and Meiji Reef during the spring of 2023,and the stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen of fish were measured and used to analyze their trophic structure,and a trophic level spectrum was constructed for the fish.The δ~(13)C and δ~(15)N values of fish from the Yongshu Reef ranged from-18.74‰ to-14.33‰ and 5.96‰ to 9.37‰,with an average value of(-16.33±1.28)‰ and(8.46±0.48)‰,respectively.The δ~(13)C and δ~(15)N values of fish from the Meiji Reef ranged from-18.01‰ to-12.70‰ and 7.31‰ to 8.82‰,with an average value of(-15.02±1.53)‰ and(8.21±0.93)‰,respectively.The δ~(13)C values of fish from the Yongshu Reef and Meiji Reef showed significant differences,indicating a wider food source for fish in the Meiji Reef.However,there was no significant difference in the δ~(15)N values of fish between the two the reefs,indicating no difference in trophic structure composition between them.Cluster analysis based on the values of carbon and nitrogen stable isotope of fish divided the fishes from the two reefs into the benthic fish group and the mixed group of benthic and pelagic fishes.The trophic groups in the Meiji Reef were more vaguely defined,with evident feeding competition among carnivorous fishes.The trophic levels of fish from the Meiji Reef and the Yongshu Reef were(2.79-3.23) and(2.39-3.39),respectively.Both coral reefs were dominated by carnivorous fish at medium and low trophic levels.Most carnivorous fish were in relatively narrow ecological niches.These results suggest that the fish from the coral reefs of the Nansha Islands had a more complex trophic structure composition,wider food sources and lower community redundancy,compared with the fish from coastal tropical and subtropical bays.This study provides basic data and scientific basis for the protection and sustainable management of fisher

关 键 词：珊瑚岛礁 鱼类 碳氮稳定同位素 营养结构 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]