美济礁沉积砂可培养细菌多样性分析  

Diversity of culturable bacteria in the sedimentary sands of the Meiji Reef

作　　者：江柔韵 简丽丽 石松标 田新朋[1,2] JIANG Rouyun;JIAN Lili;SHI Songbiao;TIAN Xinpeng(Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology,Marine Environmental Monitoring Center,South China Sea Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510301,China;Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Coastal Upwelling Ecosystem,South China Sea Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shantou 515041,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南海海洋研究所,中国科学院热带海洋生物资源与生态重点实验室,中国科学院南海海洋研究所海洋环境检测中心,广东广州510301 [2]中国科学院南海海洋研究所粤东上升流区海洋生态系统综合观测研究站,广东汕头515041 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《热带海洋学报》2024年第6期170-180,共11页Journal of Tropical Oceanography

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金创新研究团队项目(321CXTD447);国家自然科学基金项目(32170018);广东省科技计划项目(2021B1212050023)。

摘　　要：南海岛礁特殊的环境造就了丰富多样的微生物,大量微生物资源尚待挖掘和利用,但由于地理因素限制导致目前研究较少。本研究运用寡营养结合高盐和高温条件对美济礁沉积砂中的可培养微生物进行选择性分离,探究其多样性及分布情况,并运用多种特殊培养基对所获得微生物功能进行分析。鉴定结果显示,分离获得的674株细菌属于5门、6纲、26目、38科、62属、146种,相似性低于98.65%的潜在新种有42个,占28.7%。在获得的可培养细菌中,假单胞菌门和放线菌门是最为丰富的类群,占所有分离菌株数量的61.6%。功能筛选发现2种降解磷细菌、36种产脲酶细菌和57种产铁载体细菌。以上结果显示,美济礁珊瑚砂环境微生物丰度和丰富度较高,新种资源丰富。这为后续岛礁微生物资源开发和岛礁珊瑚砂环境生态修复等工作奠定了基础。The special environment of reefs in the South China Sea has created a rich and colorful microbial world,where a large number of microorganisms are yet to be excavated and utilized.Due to geographical conditions and other factors,there are few studies on them.In this paper,culturable microorganisms were selectively isolated from the sedimentary sands of the Meiji Reef by using oligotrophic media combined with high salt and high temperature conditions.And their diversity and distribution were also studied,a variety of functional media were used to explore the functions of these microorganisms.The 674 isolates belong to 5 phyla,6 classes,26 orders,38 families,62 genera,146 species,respectively,and 42 potential new species with less than 98.65% similarity composes around 28.7% all of them.Among the cultured bacteria obtained,the Phyla of Actinobacteriota and Pseudomonadota are the most abundant,accounting for 61.6% of the total isolated strains.Functional analysis revealed that 2 species have the phospho-reducing activity,36 species have the urease-producing activity and 57 species have the iron-bearing activity.The research results indicate that there are microbial abundance,much new species resources and high diversity of microorganism with special ecology functions in the reef environment.In study,these accumulates rich microbial species resources,laying the foundation for the deeply exploration of microbial resources utilization and the ecological restoration of the coral-sands ecosystem in the Meiji Reef.

关 键 词：岛礁珊瑚砂 寡营养 高温高盐 可培养细菌多样性 功能多样性 

分 类 号：Q938.8[生物学—微生物学]