三维电子衍射:纳米矿物晶体结构分析的变革性技术  

Three-Dimensional Electron Diffraction:A Revolutionary Technique for Structure Analysis of Nano-sized Minerals

作　　者：杨宜坪 林枭举 鲜海洋[1] 陈生东 袁玉环 席佳鑫 朱建喜[1] 何宏平[1] YANG Yiping;LIN Xiaoju;XIAN Haiyang;CHEN Shengdong;YUAN Yuhuan;XI Jiaxin;ZHU Jianxi;HE Hongping(CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials,Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Guangdong 510640,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院广州地球化学研究所中国科学院矿物与成矿重点实验室广东省矿物物理与材料研究开发重点实验室,广东广州510640 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《矿物学报》2024年第5期655-668,共14页Acta Mineralogica Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(编号:XDB0840100);广州市科技计划项目(编号:202201010385);中国科学院广州地球化学研究所所长基金(编号:E3280501);中国科学院青年创新促进会(编号:2021353)。

摘　　要：单晶X射线衍射(SCXRD)技术是目前最主要的晶体结构解析手段,但在纳米尺度上存在局限性,无法满足对微纳米矿物晶体结构解析的需求。相比之下,三维电子衍射(3DED)技术是一种针对微米、亚微米乃至纳米尺度矿物晶体结构解析的有效手段。3DED技术能够克服SCXRD在解析弱衍射信号、分析<200 nm的纳米晶体以及对轻元素识别等方面的局限性。近年来,3DED技术在材料科学和生物学领域得到广泛应用,被认为是纳米晶体结构解析的变革性技术。尽管该技术在地球与行星科学领域的应用还处于起步阶段,但未来3DED技术在矿物学研究中将发挥重要作用。此外,串行旋转电子衍射(Serial RED)技术也为地外返回等珍贵微量样品的物相与结构分析提供了高效、高通量的解决方案。这些先进的电子衍射技术必将为人类认识物质世界做出重大贡献。Single-crystal X-ray diffraction(SCXRD)is the primary method for crystal structure determination,but it faces limitations at the nanoscale as it is not capable to meet the demand for microstructural analysis of nano-/micro-sized mineral crystals.In contrast,three-dimensional electron diffraction(3DED)has emerged as an effective technique for probing the crystal structures of materials at the micro-,sub-micro-,and nano-scale.Limitations of the SCXRD in resolving weak diffraction signals,analyzing crystals smaller than 200 nm,and identifying light elements can be overcome by using the 3DED.In recent years,the 3DED has been widely applied in researches of material science and biology,and is considered a transformative technology for nanocrystal structure determination.Although the application of this technique in Earth and planetary sciences is still in its infancy,the 3DED is poised to play a crucial role in future mineralogical researches.Furthermore,serial rotation electron diffraction(Serial RED)provides a high-effective and high-throughput solution for the phase and structure analysis of precious and micro weightted/sized extraterrestrial samples.These advanced electron diffraction techniques will undoubtedly be used to make significant contributions to our understanding of the natural world.

关 键 词：三维电子衍射 纳米矿物 晶体结构解析 变革性技术 

分 类 号：P575[天文地球—矿物学]