无人航行器声隐身性能提升研究  

Application Research of Vibration and Noise Reduction Technology for Unmanned Underwater Vehicles

作　　者：魏建红[1,2] 向阳[1,2] WEI Jianhong;XIANG Yang(School of Naval Architecture,Ocean and Energy Power Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430063,China;Key Laboratory of High Performance Ship Technology,Ministry of Education,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430063,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学船海与能源动力工程学院,武汉430063 [2]武汉理工大学高性能船舶技术教育部重点实验室,武汉430063

出　　处：《噪声与振动控制》2024年第6期206-211,272,共7页Noise and Vibration Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52241102);工信部资助项目(MC-201917-C09)。

摘　　要：针对小几何尺度的无人航行器(Unmanned Underwater Vehicle,UUV)中减振技术的应用问题,建立尺度较小的SUBOFF无人航行器有限元模型。分析其在典型激励下的声振特性,探讨阻振、吸振技术在UUV上的应用,并且基于声学黑洞结构设计UUV舱段,分析其减振效果。研究结果表明:无人航行器结构振动和辐射噪声的峰值频率与整体和局部结构的模态频率关系较大。在推进电机基座、推力轴承基座等结构上应用阻振质量和动力吸振器可有效减小艇体振动,吸振器质量增加可改善吸振效果。设计声学黑洞(Acoustic Black Hole,ABH)舱段并应用于艇体的中部均匀部分,可有效减小结构振动由激励源向船艏的传递,体现该方案的减振效果。Aiming at the application of vibration reduction technology in unmanned underwater vehicles(UUV)with small geometric scales,a finite element model of SUBOFF unmanned underwater vehicle with a small scale was established.The vibration and acoustic characteristics under typical excitation were analyzed,the application of vibration resistance and absorption technology in UUV was discussed,and the UUV module was designed based on the acoustic black hole structure,and its vibration reduction effect was analyzed.Results demonstrate that the peak frequency of structural vibration and radiated noise of UUV has a great relationship with the modal frequency of the overall and local structures.Applying vibration resistance mass and power shock absorber at the propulsion motor base and thrust bearing base can effectively reduce the vibration of the hull.Increasing the mass of the shock absorber can improve the vibration absorption effect.The acoustic black hole cabin was designed and applied to the uniform part of the middle part of the hull,which can effectively reduce the transmission of structural vibration from the excitation source to the bow,reflecting the vibration reduction effect of the scheme.

关 键 词：声学 无人航行器 减振降噪技术 声学黑洞 阻振 吸振 

分 类 号：TB53[理学—物理]