铝合金三价铬化学氧化用无磷脱脂剂的制备及性能  

Preparation and properties of phosphorus-free degreasing agent for trivalent chromium chemical oxidation of aluminum alloys

作　　者：徐新颖 李冬冬 邓迎诚 王飞 刘秀生 XU Xinying;LI Dongdong;DENG Yingcheng;WANG Fei;LIU Xiusheng(China Academy of Machinery Wuhan Research Institute of Materials Protection Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430030,China;State Key Laboratory of Special Protection Materials and Application Technology,Wuhan 430030,China;China Academy of Machinery Science and Technology Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]中国机械总院集团武汉材料保护研究所有限公司,湖北武汉430030 [2]特种表面保护材料及应用技术国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430030 [3]中国机械科学研究总院集团有限公司,北京100044

出　　处：《电镀与涂饰》2024年第11期88-99,共12页Electroplating & Finishing

摘　　要：[目的]针对某厂家在铝合金三价铬化学氧化过程中所用脱脂剂含磷的问题,研制一款无磷脱脂剂。[方法]采用响应面法对多种常见的表面活性剂、金属螯合剂和助剂进行筛选及用量优化,同时研究了脱脂剂的使用浓度、温度和时间对其清洗效果及腐蚀性的影响。[结果]在脱脂温度60℃、脱脂时间10 min的条件下,由8.4 g/L OP-10、12.4 g/L葡萄糖酸钠、0.44 g/L钼酸钠、15.0 g/L四硼酸钠、5.4 g/L二乙二醇单丁醚和1.6 g/L硅酸钠组成的脱脂剂的净洗力达到99.85%,对2024铝合金的腐蚀速率为0.15 g/(m^(2)·h)。[结论]与某市售脱脂剂相比,自制脱脂剂的净洗力略高,腐蚀性明显降低。[Introduction]To address the existence of phosphorus in the degreasing agent as an environmental problem for trivalent chromium chemical oxidation process of aluminum alloys in a plant,a phosphorus-free degreasing agent was developed.[Method]Various common surfactants,metal chelating agents,and additives were screened and optimized by response surface method in terms of dosage.The effects of the concentration,temperature,and time on cleaning efficiency and corrosivity of the degreasing agent were studied.[Result]The optimal composition of the degreasing agent was determined as follows:OP-108.4 g/L,sodium gluconate 12.4 g/L,sodium molybdate 0.44 g/L,sodium tetraborate 15 g/L,diethylene glycol monobutyl ether 5.4 g/L,and sodium silicate 1.6 g/L.Under the conditions of degreasing temperature 60℃ and degreasing time 10 min,the cleaning efficiency of the degreasing agent was up to 99.85%,and the corrosion rate of 2024 aluminum alloy in it was 0.15 g/(m^(2)·h).[Conclusion]Compared with a commercial degreasing agent,the homemade degreasing agent has slightly higher cleaning efficiency and much lower corrosivity.

关 键 词：铝合金 水基脱脂剂 无磷配方 缓蚀 响应面法 电化学阻抗谱 

分 类 号：TG174.45[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]