不同复种模式下烤烟烟叶产质量差异分析  

Analysis of Yield and Quality Difference of Flue-cured Tobacco Leaves under Different Multiple Cropping Modes

作　　者：肖楚文 黄思菁 宋潇瑜 朱丹丹 杨友才[1] 杨磊 XIAO Chuwen;HUANG Sijing;SONG Xiaoyu;ZHU Dandan;YANG Youcai;YANG Lei(College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China;Hunan China Tobacco Industry Co.,Ltd.,Changsha,Hunan 410014,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南中烟工业有限责任公司,湖南长沙410014

出　　处：《作物研究》2024年第5期364-371,共8页Crop Research

基　　金：湖南中烟工业有限责任公司科技项目(KY2020JD0010)。

摘　　要：为了探究不同复种模式下烤烟烟叶产量与理化性质差异,以烤烟连作(T-C)为对照,设置烤烟—大豆(T-B)、烤烟—玉米(T-M)、烤烟—水稻(T-R)3种轮作模式处理,于2020—2021年在浏阳市达浒镇金田村同一块地上进行田间试验。结果表明:与T-C相比,T-B、T-M、T-R烤烟产量分别提高3.81%、27.55%和43.05%,烤烟产值分别提高5.75%、34.89%和55.62%,均价分别提高0.49、1.49、2.34元/kg;不同轮作模式烤烟上部叶(B2F)开片度提高0.72%~2.13%,含梗率降低4.41%~5.62%,总氮、钾、蛋白质含量分别提高16.50%~24.23%、21.84%~25.24%和7.84%~29.46%。相较于T-C处理,T-M和T-R中部叶的单叶质量分别提高16.32%、13.69%,叶面积指数分别提高6.37%、9.31%;各轮作模式上、中部烟叶的总氮、烟碱、钾、氯、蛋白质含量均大幅提高;而T-M和T-R处理烤后烟叶的糖氮比和施木克值均优于T-B和T-C处理。种植模式对烤烟上部叶的影响大于中部叶,与T-C处理相比,各轮作模式上部叶的烟叶可用性提高了5.83%~10.95%,但中部叶的差异不显著,以T-M处理的烟叶可用性最佳。相关分析表明,要提高烟叶可用性,需降低烟叶的总糖、还原糖与烟碱含量,提高总氮含量。综合分析,轮作可以提高烟叶的产量和产值,改善烤后烟叶化学成分协调性,提升烟叶品质,增强烟叶可用性,以T-R处理产值最高,T-M处理烟叶可用性最好。To explore the differences in the yield and physical and chemical properties of flue-cured tobacco leaves under different multiple cropping patterns,with continuous cropping of flue-cured tobacco(T-C)as the control,three rotation cropping patterns of tobacco-soybean(T-B),tobacco-corn(T-M),and tobacco-rice(T-R)were set.Field experiments were carried out in the same plot in Jintian Village,Dahu Town,Liuyang City from 2020 to 2021.The results indicated that compared with T-C,the yields of T-B,T-M,and T-R increased by 3.81%,27.55%,and 43.05%,respectively;the output values increased by 5.75%,34.89%,and 55.62%,respectively;and the average prices increased by 0.49,1.49,and 2.34 yuan/kg,respectively.The opening degree of the upper leaves(B2F)of flue-cured tobacco in different rotation cropping patterns increased by 0.72%-2.13%,the stem content decreased by 4.41%-5.62%,and the contents of total nitrogen,potassium,and protein increased by 16.50%-24.23%,21.84%-25.24%,and 7.84%-29.46%,respectively.Compared with the T-C treatment,the single leaf mass of the middle leaves of T-M and T-R increased by 16.32%and 13.69%,respectively,and the leaf area index increased by 6.37%and 9.31%,respectively.The contents of total nitrogen,nicotine,potassium,chlorine,and protein in the upper and middle leaves of each rotation cropping pattern increased significantly.The sugar-nitrogen ratio and Schmuck value of the post-cured tobacco leaves in the T-M and T-R treatments were superior to those in the T-B and T-C treatments.The influence of the planting pattern on the upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco was greater than that on the middle leaves.Compared with the T-C treatment,the usability of the upper leaves of the rotation cropping patterns increased by 5.83%-10.95%,but the difference in the middle leaves was not significant,and the usability of the tobacco leaves in the T-M treatment was the best.Correlation analysis demonstrated that to enhance the usability of tobacco leaves,it is necessary to reduce the contents of total sugar,reducing sug

关 键 词：烤烟 种植模式 产质量 烟叶可用性 

分 类 号：S572.04[农业科学—烟草工业]