湘西烤烟上部叶烟碱含量特征及其与气象因子的关系  

Characteristics of Nicotine Content in the Upper Leaves of Xiangxi Flue-cured Tobacco and Its Relationship with Meteorological Factors

作　　者：邓昭彬 田峰 宋浩 戴林建[1] 穰中文[1] DENG Zhaobin;TIAN Feng;SONG Hao;DAI Linjian;RANG Zhongwen(College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China;Hunan Provincial Tobacco Company,Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture Company,Jishou,Hunan 416000,China;Hunan China Tobacco Industry Co.,Ltd.,Changsha,Hunan 410014,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南省烟草公司湘西自治州公司,湖南吉首416000 [3]湖南中烟工业有限责任公司,湖南长沙410014

出　　处：《作物研究》2024年第5期379-384,共6页Crop Research

基　　金：湖南省烟草公司湘西自治州公司科技项目(XX2021-2023Aa02)。

摘　　要：收集2007—2022年湘西3个主要产烟县烤烟生长季(4—9月)的主要气象数据,以及2015与2017—2022年卷烟工业公司调拨取样检测的烟叶化学成分数据,分析湘西烟区上部烟叶烟碱含量特征及其与主要气象因子的关系。结果表明:湘西烟区3个主产烟县烤烟生长季的气温总体表现出较高的稳定性,但龙山、花垣和永顺8月的积温年际间变异系数分别达到75.17%、75.32%和71.85%;龙山、永顺县6月累积日照时数的年际间变化最大,变异系数分别为43.21%和39.17%,花垣县9月累积日照时数的年际间变化最大,变异系数为36.57%;4—9月降水量的年际间变化相对较大,不同县的降水分布存在差异,龙山县为前期降水偏多,永顺和花垣后期降水偏多。3个主产烟县上部烟叶烟碱含量偏高和糖碱比偏低的样本所占比例分别为90.5%和85.7%。烤烟生育后期降水量与烟叶烟碱含量显著正相关(r=0.494,P=0.023),8—9月的降水量是解释烟碱含量变化的唯一显著变量,可解释24.4%的烟碱含量变化(偏高)。研究结果可为湘西烤烟烟碱含量的栽培调控以及烟田生育后期的水分管理等提供参考。The main meteorological data of the flue-cured tobacco growing season(April to September)in the three major tobacco-producing counties in Xiangxi from 2007 to 2022 and the chemical composition data of tobacco leaves from 2015 and 2017 to 2022 were collected,and the nicotine content characteristics of tobacco leaves in the upper part of Xiangxi tobacco area and its relationship with the main meteorological factors were analyzed.The results showed that the temperature in the flue-cured tobacco growing season of the three main tobacco-producing counties in Xiangxi showed high stability,but the inter annual variation coefficients of accumulated temperature in Longshan,Huayuan and Yongshun in August reached 75.17%,75.32%and 71.85%,respectively.The cumulative sunshine hours in June had the largest inter annual variation in Longshan and Yongshun counties,with a coefficient of variation of 43.21%and 39.17%,respectively,and in Huayuan County,the variation coefficient of which was 36.57%in September.The inter annual variation of precipitation from April to September was relatively large,and the distribution of precipitation in different counties was different,with more precipitation in the early stage and more precipitation in the other two counties.The proportion of samples with high nicotine content and low sugar-base ratio in the upper part of the three main tobacco-producing counties was 90.5%and 85.7%,respectively.There was a significant positive correlation between the precipitation and the nicotine content of tobacco leaves in the late growth period(r=0.494,P=0.023),and the precipitation from August to September was the only significant variable to explain the change of nicotine content,which could explain the change of nicotine content in 24.4%(high).The results of this study can provide a reference for the cultivation regulation of nicotine content in Xiangxi and the water management of tobacco field in the later growth stage.

关 键 词：烤烟 上部叶 烟碱 气象因子 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]