土壤微生物群落组装策略在改良盐碱化土壤中的应用研究  

Research on the application of soil microbial community assembly strategy in amelioration of saline-alkali soils

作　　者：李硕 吴振超 康杰 葛菁萍[1] LI Shuo;WU Zhenchao;KANG Jie;GE Jingping(Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology,Ministry of Education/Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region/Key Laboratory of Microbiology,College of Heilongjiang Province,School of Life Sciences,Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150080,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学生命科学学院农业微生物技术教育部工程研究中心/黑龙江省寒区植物基因与生物发酵重点实验室/黑龙江省普通高校微生物重点实验室,哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《黑龙江大学自然科学学报》2024年第5期505-512,共8页Journal of Natural Science of Heilongjiang University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(32071519);黑龙江省省属高校基本科研业务费项目(2023-KYYWF-1448);黑龙江省生态环境厅生态环境保护科研项目(HST20TR004)。

摘　　要：土壤盐碱化是一个全球性的生态难题,威胁到粮食安全和土壤生产力,已成为制约农林业发展和土地资源合理利用的障碍之一。因此,改善盐碱化土壤成为人们面临的重要挑战。在过去几十年里,人们不断探索盐碱地的改良方法并取得一定成效,生物改良以其生态、经济和社会效益良好成为盐碱地改良的优选方法。植被种植是生物改良的常用手段,而微生物的添加则能助力植物更好地改善盐碱化土壤并促进其生长发育。本综述总结了传统盐碱地所带来的危害及其改良方案,同时分析了微生物的耐盐碱机制,探讨了微生物协助植物应对盐碱胁迫的机制,并特别强调了微生物群落组装在盐碱化土壤改良中的关键作用。本文整合了相关研究和机制,旨在为盐碱地治理措施的优化和改良提供有价值的参考。Soil salinization and alkalization is a global ecological problem that threatens global food security and soil productivity,and has become one of the obstacles restricting the development of agriculture and forestry as well as the rational utilization of land resources.Therefore,improving saline-alkaline soils has become an important challenge.In the past few decades,people have been continuously exploring ways to improve saline-alkaline soils and have achieved certain results,and biological improvement has become the preferred method for saline-alkaline soils improvement because of its favourable ecological,economic and social benefits.Vegetation planting is a common means of biological improvement,and the addition of microorganisms can help plants to better improve saline-alkali soils and promote their growth and development.The hazards of traditional saline-alkali soils and their improvement measures are summarized.The tolerance mechanisms of microorganisms towards saline-alkaline stress are analyzed,and the mechanisms in which microorganisms can assist plants in coping with saline-alkaline stress are further explored.Special emphasis on the key role of microbial community assembly in improving saline-alkaline soils is placed.By integrating relevant studies and mechanisms,valuable references for optimizing and improving management measures of saline-alkaline soils are aimed to be provided.

关 键 词：盐碱胁迫 生物改良 微生物 耐盐碱机制 微生物群落组装 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]