湛江湾浮游植物优势种空间生态位  

Spatial Ecological Niche of Dominant Phytoplankton Species in Zhanjiang Bay

作　　者：王迪 梁皓瑞 张军晓 陈际雨 梁宇钊 曾芳 马媛 张际标 张鹏 何嘉铧 张伟杰 WANG Di;LIANG Haorui;ZHANG Junxiao;CHEN Jiyu;LIANG Yuzho;ZENG Fang;MA Yuan;ZHANG Jibiao;ZHANG Peng;HE Jiahua;ZHANG Weijie(South China Marine Survey Center,Ministry of Natural Resources,Guangzhou 510300,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Survey Technology and Application,Ministry of Natural Resources Guangzhou 510300,China;Guangdong Ocean University College of Chemistry and Environmental Science,Zhanjiang 524088,China)

机构地区：[1]自然资源部南海调查中心 [2]自然资源部海洋环境探测技术与应用重点实验室,广东广州510300 [3]广东海洋大学化学与环境学院,广东湛江524088

出　　处：《广东海洋大学学报》2024年第5期40-49,共10页Journal of Guangdong Ocean University

基　　金：广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B1111020004)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究湛江湾浮游植物优势种生态位的资源利用状况及生态适应性,为评估该海域浮游植物的种群生存状况及污染治理提供基础资料和决策支撑。【方法】根据2021-2022年在湛江湾开展的四季浮游植物和环境因子调查结果,利用R语言相关程序包对生态位宽度、生态位重叠指数等生态位指标进行计算,对浮游植物优势种丰度与海水温度(t)、盐度(S)、pH,溶解氧(DO)、化学需氧量(COD)、无机氮(DIN,包括NO_(2)-N,NO_(3)-N,NH_(4)-N)、活性磷酸盐(SRP)质量浓度和氮磷摩尔浓度比(N/P)等主要环境因子进行冗余分析(RDA)。【结果与结论】共鉴定出浮游植物5门221种,硅藻种数最多。四季优势种共18种,均为硅藻,其中赤潮种类15种。与历史调查结果相比,湛江湾优势种既有交叉又有演替,历史上均出现过的优势种有7种,均为赤潮种,特别是中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)始终是主要优势种。通过对湛江湾浮游植物优势种生态位分析,生态位宽度与优势种丰度变异系数显著负相关(P<0.001)。结合RDA分析结果和物种生态位分化情况分析,种对之间生态位重叠值的高低与其同环境因子的相关性有较大关联,与同一环境因子有同向显著相关性的种对之间生态位重叠值较高,其他情况种对之间生态位重叠值较低。盐度、pH和SRP质量浓度则是影响湛江湾浮游植物优势种发展趋势的重要因素。SRP质量浓度和N/P浓度比是调查期间影响湛江湾浮游植物优势群落生长的竞争性因子。【Objective】To provides basic data and decision support for the assessment of the survival status of phytoplankton population,pollution control and protection,we researched the information of resource utilization and ecological adaptability of dominant species of phytoplanktonin Zhanjiang Bay【Method】Based on the results of the survey of phytoplankton and environmental factors in Zhanjiang Bay during 2021-2022,by R language package,the niche breadth and niche overlap index were calculated,redundancy analysis(RDA)was conducted to determine the abundance of dominant phytoplankton species in relation to major environmental factors such as temperature,salinity,and pH,as well as mass concentrations of DO,COD,DIN(including NO_(2)-N,NO_(3)-N,and NH_(4)-N),soluble reactive phosphorus(SRP),and nitrogen-phosphorus molar concentration ratio(N/P).【Result and Conclusion】A total of 221 species of phytoplankton from five phyla were identified,with diatoms representing the largest number of species.Eighteen dominant species were observed throughout the four seasons,all of which were diatoms,including 15 red tide species.In comparison to historical data,the dominant species in Zhanjiang Bay are cross-and successive.The dominant species that have appeared in history are seven red tide species,with Skeletonema costatum being the most prevalent.The ecological niche analysis of the dominant phytoplankton species in Zhanjiang Bay revealed a significant negative correlation between the ecological niche width and the coefficient of variation of the abundance of the dominant species(P<0.001).Based on the results of RDA analysis and the analysis of species niche differentiation,the niche overlap values between species pairs were closely related to their correlation with environmental factors,the overlaps of species pairs with the same environmental factors were higher,others were lower.Salinity,pH and SRP are important factors affecting the development trend of dominant species of phytoplankton in Zhanjiang Bay.SRP and N/P were

关 键 词：浮游植物优势种 生态位 冗余分析(RDA) 湛江湾 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]