典型市政设施恶臭污染特征研究  

Characteristics of Odour Pollution from Typical Municipal Facilities

作　　者：杨虹 蒋微微 王韫言 YANG Hong;JIANG Weiwei;WANG Yunyan(Shanghai Jianke Environmental Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200032,China;Shanghai Animal Innocuous Treatment Center,Shanghai 201417,China)

机构地区：[1]上海建科环境技术有限公司,上海200032 [2]上海市动物无害化处理中心,上海201417

出　　处：《绿色建筑》2024年第6期156-162,共7页Green Building

基　　金：上海市农业农村领域标准预研制项目(Y-XM-014-2024)。

摘　　要：当前,环保治理类市政设施引发的恶臭投诉问题较为突出。采用恶臭物质组分分析、恶臭指纹图谱和阈稀释倍数法对4类典型市政环保设施开展恶臭污染特征研究,旨在为市政设施恶臭污染的溯源、监测和管理提供科学依据。研究发现,不同市政设施的恶臭特征存在差异。动物无害化处理厂和垃圾填埋场的恶臭物质以氨(NH3)、硫化物、芳香烃和含氧化合物为主,而渗滤液处理厂和污水处理厂则以NH3和硫化物为主。总体上,硫醇、硫醚、二甲二硫和硫化氢(H2S)等物质被识别为市政设施的主要致臭成分。动物无害化处理厂的料仓和污水站还需分别关注NH3和苯乙烯的恶臭贡献。运营单位应加强对上述主要恶臭污染物的监测和管理,以有效降低恶臭污染对周边环境和居民生活的影响。Currently,the problem of malodour complaints caused by environmental protection and management municipal facilities is more prominent.The study of malodour pollution characteristics of four types of typical municipal environmental protection facilities using malodour substance component analysis,malodour fingerprinting and threshold dilution multiplier method aims to provide a scientific basis for the traceability,monitoring and management of malodour pollution in municipal facilities.The study found that there are differences in the odour characteristics of different municipal facilities.The malodorous substances in animal non-hazardous treatment plants and landfills were dominated by ammonia(NH3),sulphides,aromatic hydrocarbons and oxygenated compounds,while leachate treatment plants and sewage treatment plants were dominated by NH3 and sulphides.Overall,mercaptans,sulphur ethers,dimethyl disulphide and hydrogen sulphide(H2S)were identified as the main odour-causing constituents in municipal facilities.The silos and sewage stations of the Animal Hazardous Treatment Plant(AHTP)also need to be concerned about the odour contribution of NH3 and styrene respectively.The operating units should strengthen the monitoring and management of the above major odour causing pollutants in order to effectively reduce the impact of odour pollution on the surrounding environment and residents'living.

关 键 词：市政设施 恶臭排放特征 恶臭指纹谱 恶臭影响贡献 

分 类 号：X512[环境科学与工程—环境工程]