定日镜电磁变刚度动力吸振器优化设计与试验研究  

Optimization design and experimental study of the electromagnetic variable stiffness dynamic absorber for a heliostat

作　　者：李若冰 马山刚[1] 金福宝[1] 赵瑞婷 周登涛 LI Ruobing;MA Shangang;JIN Fubao;ZHAO Ruiting;ZHOU Dengtao(College of Energy and Electrical Engineering,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学能源与电气工程学院,西宁810016

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2024年第22期326-334,共9页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51865049);青海省科技厅基础研究计划项目(2020-ZJ-708)。

摘　　要：由于光热发电定日镜所处环境恶劣风速较大,强风不仅影响定日镜聚光效率,还会对定日镜造成破坏。为此,设计了一款用于定日镜的动力吸振器。从磁场强度、质量比、结构尺寸三个方面对其进行优化设计,提高其移频范围与吸振效果。首先,建立吸振器-定日镜系统数学模型,确定吸振器最优参数进行结构设计;然后,对吸振器模型进行磁路、热力学以及动力学仿真,分析其参数合理性;最后,通过试验检验结构有效性。仿真结果表明,优化后吸振器磁场强度、温度满足实际使用需求,系统预期移频范围为3.970 Hz,吸振效果为29.38%。试验结果表明,结构优化有效,试验与仿真结果基本一致。当励磁电流增大至6 A,系统移频范围为3.813 Hz,相比优化前提高了240.45%;在8.670 Hz激励下,随着电流增加,定日镜振幅逐步下降,在1.8~2.4 A内,吸振效果可达到15.90%,相比优化前提高了32.50%。该研究结果可为定日镜风致振动吸振器设计提供参考。Due to the harsh environment for a heliostat,the strong wind not only affects the concentrating efficiency of the heliostat,but also causes damage to the heliostat.To this end,the project team has designed a dynamic absorber for heliostats.On this basis,the design was further optimized from three aspects:magnetic field strength,mass ratio and structural dimensions,so as to improve its frequency shift range and vibration absorption effect.Firstly,the mathematical model of the absorber-heliostat system was established,and the optimal parameters of the absorber were determined for structural design.Then,the magnetic circuit,thermodynamics and dynamics simulations of the absorber model were carried out to analyze the rationality of the absorber structure.Finally,the effectiveness of the device was verified by experiments.The simulation results show that the magnetic field strength and temperature of the optimized vibration absorber meet the actual use requirements.The expected frequency shift range of the system is 3.970 Hz,and the vibration absorption effect is 29.38%.The experimental results show that the structure optimization is effective,and the experimental results are basically consistent with the simulation results.When the excitation current increases to 6 A,the system frequency shift range is 3.813 Hz,which is 240.45% higher than that before optimization.Under the excitation of 8.670 Hz,as the current increases,the amplitude of the heliostat gradually decreases.In the range of 1.8-2.4 A,the vibration absorption effect can reach 15.90%,which is 32.50% higher than that before optimization.The research results provide a reference for the design of heliostat wind-induced vibration absorber.

关 键 词：定日镜 动力吸振器 磁流变弹性体 结构优化 

分 类 号：U664.21[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程] TB381[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程]