不同地区栓皮栎天然林的林分结构差异  

Comparative Study on the Natural Forest Stands of Quercus variabilis in Different Regions

作　　者：黄文晋 郎哲 贾勃 王新杰[1] HUANG Wenjin;LANG Zhe;JIA Bo;WANG Xinjie(College of Forestry,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学林学院,北京100083

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2024年第6期17-26,共10页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：国家林业和草原局资金资助项目(JYC2019-107)。

摘　　要：栓皮栎是我国分布广泛的重要经济树种,林分结构显著影响林分生长情况、林分质量,林分结构定量分析对于林木利用、经营决策有重要现实意义。本研究分别在位于栓皮栎分布中心的河南栾川、分布边缘的河南信阳及远离中心的福建三明三地的栓皮栎成熟天然林设置样地进行调查,对比分析生长情况,采用多元分布研究栓皮栎林分空间结构。结果表明:三地林分结构差异较大。对于生长情况而言,信阳最好、三明和栾川多数生长指标无显著差异,三者最优直径分布拟合模型分别为Weibull、Gamma、Normal分布;对于林分空间结构而言,从一元分布来看,三地均呈现为随机分布,混交度和大小比数差异较大;从二元分布来看,栾川由于混交度小导致分布情况明显不同,三明、信阳分布较为相似;从三元分布来看,信阳空间结构单元数最少,且接近最优结构单元,栾川空间结构最差,空间结构单元以随机分布、零度混交、生长中庸为中心分布。栓皮栎天然林的经营要更加注意空间结构的调整,依据三元分布可以优先选择多指标较差的林木进行择伐。整体来看,靠近分布中心的立地条件较好,但空间结构并非更优;不同区域栓皮栎林分结构差异较大,与是否靠近分布中心无显著关联。Quercus variabilis is a crucial non-timber tree species widely distributed in China.The stand structure significantly impacts the growth and quality of the stand.Quantitative analysis of the stand structure holds great practical significance for forest utilization and management decision-making.This study investigated mature natural forests of Q.variabilis occurring in Luanchuan of Henan Province(the distribution center),Xinyang of Henan(distribution edge),and Sanming of Fujian Province(far away from the distribution center).The growth conditions were compared and analyzed,and the spatial structure of Q.variabilis forest was studied using multivariate distribution.The results showed that there existed significant differences in the forest partition structure among the three regions.For growth conditions,Xinyang was the best,while Sanming and Luanchuan had no significant differences in most growth indicators.The optimal diameter distribution fitting models for the three were Weibull,Gamma,and Normal distributions,respectively.For the spatial structure of forest stands,from a univariate distribution perspective,all three regions showed a random distribution,with significant differences in mixed degree and size ratio.From the perspective of binary distribution,the distribution of Luanchuan was significantly different due to its low mixing degree,while the distribution maps of Sanming and Xinyang were relatively similar.From the perspective of ternary distribution,Xinyang had the fewest number of spatial structural units and was close to the optimal structural unit,while Luanchuan had the worst spatial structure.The spatial structural units were distributed around random distribution,zero degree mixing,and moderate growth.For the management of natural Q.variabilis forests,more attention should be paid to the adjustment of spatial structure.Based on the ternary distribution,priority can be given to selecting trees with poor multiple indicators for selective logging.Overall,the site conditions near the distribution cen

关 键 词：栓皮栎 天然林 林分结构 差异性分析 

分 类 号：S718.542[农业科学—林学]