漳浦三倍体牡蛎养殖区浮游植物群落特征及其影响因子分析  

Characteristics of Phytoplankton Communities in Zhangpu Triploid Oyster Farming Area and Their Relationship with Influencing Factors

作　　者：许翠娅[1,2] 杨芳 陈小红[1,2] 郑盛华 魏姗姗[1,2] 林永青 席英玉[1,2] XU Cuiya;YANG Fang;CHEN Xiaohong;ZHENG Shenghua;WEI Shanshan;LIN Yongqing;XI Yingyu(Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian,Xiamen 361013,China;Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-Value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province,Xiamen 361013,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省水产研究所,福建厦门361013 [2]福建省海洋生物增养殖与高值化利用重点实验室,福建厦门361013

出　　处：《集美大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第5期393-402,共10页Journal of Jimei University：Natural Science

基　　金：福建省海洋服务与渔业高质量发展专项“三倍体牡蛎深远海养殖示范推广与产业化研究”(FJHY-YYBH-2022-3);福建省海洋服务与渔业高质量发展专项“三都澳滤食性贝类生态贡献与养殖容量评估”(FJHY-YYKJ-2024-1-18-5);福建省海洋服务与渔业高质量发展专项“典型海湾水产养殖退养对生态环境影响评价”(FJHY-YYKJ-2024-1-18-9);福建省省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项“生态浮床对循环水养殖鱼类的影响研究”(2021R10130013)。

摘　　要：为研究三倍体牡蛎养殖区浮游植物群落特征及其影响因子,于2021年12月至2022年9月,对漳浦龙美湾和翡翠湾三倍体牡蛎养殖区开展逐月调查,分析了浮游植物种类组成、丰度变化及其与海洋环境因子的相关性。结果表明:浮游植物共有7门140种,其中硅藻门104种,甲藻门30种,金藻门2种,蓝藻门、裸藻门、绿藻门、原生动物门各1种,优势种为海洋原甲藻(Prorocentrum micans)、柔弱拟菱形藻(Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima)、中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)、窄隙角毛藻(Chaetoceros affinis)。浮游植物丰度月均值的波动范围为2.16×10^(4)~1.89×10^(6)cells/L,平均为3.96×10^(5)cells/L。甲藻丰度占比较高,平均占总丰度的37.7%,推测主要为外海水系和沿岸流带来的外源性甲藻。冗余分析表明,与浮游植物优势种丰度密切相关的主要影响因子是pH、水温、无机氮和活性磷酸盐。From December 2021 to September 2022,monthly surveys were conducted in the triploid oyster farming areas of Longmei Bay and Feicui Bay in Zhangpu to investigate the characteristics of the phytoplankton communities and their influencing factors.The analysis focused on the composition of phytoplankton species,changes in abundance,and their correlation with marine environmental factors.The results revealed a total of 140 species across seven phyla,including 104 in the Bacillariophyta,30 in the Dinophyta,and 2 in the Chrysophyta,with one species each in Cyanophyta,Cryptophyta,Chlorophyta and Protozoa.Dominant species included Prorocentrum micans,Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima,Skeletonema costatum and Chaetoceros affinis.The monthly average fluctuation range of phytoplankton abundance was 2.16×10^(4)to 1.89×10^(6)cells/L,with an overall average of 3.96×10^(5)cells/L.Dinoflagellates exhibited a high abundance,averaging 37.7%of the total,suggesting the influence of exogenous dinoflagellates from offshore water systems and coastal currents.Redundancy analysis indicated that pH,water temperature,inorganic nitrogen and active phosphate were the primary factors closely associated with the abundance of dominant phytoplankton species.

关 键 词：浮游植物 三倍体牡蛎 龙美湾 翡翠湾 群落特征 环境因子 

分 类 号：S968.3[农业科学—水产养殖] Q178.1[农业科学—水产科学]