开源的创新驱动作用及其治理机制  

The Innovative Drive of Open Source and Its Governance Mechanisms

作　　者：李晓华[1,2] 宋孟起 LI Xiao-hua;SONG Meng-qi(Institute for Chinese‑Style Modernization,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100005,China;Faculty of Applied Economics,University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 102401,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院中国式现代化研究院,北京100005 [2]中国社会科学院大学应用经济学院,北京102401

出　　处：《东北财经大学学报》2024年第6期3-20,共18页Journal of Dongbei University of Finance and Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“数字经济推动产业链供应链现代化水平提升的机制研究”(22AZD124);中国社会科学院智库基础研究资助项目。

摘　　要：开源作为一种基于自由信息交换、快速原型设计和民主协作开发原则的生产模式,为全社会带来了广泛的数字创新与价值创造,成为驱动创新的新动力、新引擎。开源是一种产品底层源代码对任何人开放、以自由信息交换为核心原则、鼓励开放协作的产品研发与生产模式,其组织模式被称为“集市”,没有严格和正式的组织边界,且控制强度极低。开源具有广泛的创新效应,在微观企业与技术研发层面体现为提升技术创新速度、有效利用信息、促进市场竞争;在宏观经济与国家整体层面体现为吸收全球资源、提供数字化转型方案、突破技术“卡脖子”困境;在科技革命和全球协作层面体现为促进全球开放协作、推动规范全球治理。一套完整的非正式制度与正式制度形成了开源的治理机制,个体与企业参与的激励机制、商业化的资源配置机制和开源项目运转的规则机制构成支持开源创新运作的三个核心制度。基于本文的研究,笔者认为,应提高中国科技创新整体效能,应更好发挥开源的积极作用。In the context of the rapid development of the global digital economy,open source,as a production model based on the principles of freedom,openness,and collaboration,has become a significant force in promoting technological innovation.However,the development of open source also faces challenges such as supply chain security,system fragmentation,geopolitical risks,and project sustainability.The paper first defines the open source model as a research and development and production pattern,with free information exchange as its core principle.It then analyzes the roles of innovation stakeholders in open source,including individual developers,foundations,enterprises,and communities,highlighting the market‑like informal boundary characteristics of its organizational forms.Building on this,the paper discusses how the open source drives micro‑level technological progress by enhancing innovation speed,effectively utilizing information,and promoting market competition,while also supporting macroeconomic and national development by leveraging global resources,providing digital transformation solutions,and alleviating key technological bottlenecks;and how the open source ultimately plays a role in promoting global technological cooperation and regulating global governance within the context of technological revolution and global collaboration.In terms of research methodology,this paper employs a combination of literature review,case analysis,and comparative studies,drawing on the successful practices of domestic and international open source projects to dissect the institutional rules that ensure project reliability and quality.It also examines the impact of different types of open source licenses on the management and maintenance of open source projects.Through the study of these cases,the paper distills comprehensive open source governance mechanisms that includes incentivizing participant engagement,coordinating resource allocation decision‑making processes,and establishing a legal and institutional rule system.The

关 键 词：开源 开源社区 创新效应 治理机制 

分 类 号：F414[经济管理—产业经济] F49