超高压射流钻头破岩特性及设计  

Rock Breaking Characteristics and Design of Ultra-high Pressure Jet Drilling Bit

作　　者：张欢[1,2,3] 王琦[4] 杨洋洋[5] 徐长龙 赵健 毛炳坤 张荣军 ZHANG Huan;WANG Qi;YANG Yangyang;XU Changlong;ZHAO Jian;MAO Bingkun;ZHANG Rongjun(College of Petroleum Engineering,Xi’an Shiyou University,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710065,China;Engineering Research Center of Development and Management for Low to Ultra-Low Permeability Oil&Gas Reservoirs in West China,Ministry of Education,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710065,China;Xi’an Key Laboratory of Tight Oil(Shale Oil)Development(Xi’an Shiyou University),Xi’an,Shaanxi 710065,China;Shengli Oilfield Co.,Ltd.,SINOPEC,Dongying,Shandong 257061,China;Engineering Technology Division,PetroChina Bohai Drilling Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300450,China;Zhundong Drilling Company,PetroChina West Drilling Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Karamay,Xinjiang 834000,China;Dongying Academy of Science and Technology,China University of Petroleum,Dongying,Shandong 257061,China;Wuhan Marine Machinery Co.,Ltd.,China State Shipbuilding Group Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan,Hubei 430084,China)

机构地区：[1]西安石油大学石油工程学院,陕西西安710065 [2]西部低渗-特低渗油藏开发与治理教育部工程研究中心,陕西西安710065 [3]西安市致密油(页岩油)开发重点实验室(西安石油大学),陕西西安710065 [4]中石化胜利油田分公司油气井下作业中心,山东东营257000 [5]中石油渤海钻探工程有限公司工程技术部,天津300450 [6]中石油西部钻探工程有限公司准东钻井公司,新疆克拉玛依834000 [7]中国石油大学(华东)东营科学技术研究院,山东东营257061 [8]中国船舶集团有限公司武汉船用机械有限责任公司,湖北武汉430084

出　　处：《西安石油大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第6期122-129,共8页Journal of Xi’an Shiyou University（Natural Science Edition）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52204022);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2022ME152);国家重点研发计划(2021YFE0111400);东营市科技计划项目(2021ZD49);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划资助项目(2023-JC-QN-0529)。

摘　　要：为提高井下钻头射流压力,设计超高压射流钻头,基于光滑粒子流体动力学理论及钻头设计方法,开展了超高压水射流作用下岩石破碎特性分析,设计并加工了配套超高压钻头,并进行了现场试验。结果表明:随着水射流不断侵彻,破碎坑直径和深度逐渐增加,射流的回弹扩散效应是决定水射流破碎坑直径的重要影响因素。高压水射流冲击岩石产生的第一主应力显著高于岩石抗拉强度,第一主应力极大值主要分布在破碎坑表面。超高压PDC钻头为六刀翼式钻头,采用双锥轮廓,主切削齿后面布置较小PDC复合片切削齿,超高压喷嘴的位置位于PDC切削齿所在刀翼后面,出口角度为沿钻头旋转方向向前13°;超高压射流钻头试验结果表明,平均机械钻速同比提高了71.95%,提速效果显著。Based on the smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH)theory and drill bit design method,the rock breaking characteristics of ultra-high pressure water jet were analyzed,the matching ultra-high pressure drill bit was designed and processed,and field experiments were conducted.The results indicate that as the water jet continuously penetrates,the diameter and depth of the broken pit gradually increase,and the rebound diffusion effect of the jet is an important factor affecting the broken pit diameter of the water jet.The first principal stress generated by high-pressure water jet impact on rocks is significantly higher than the tensile strength of rocks,and the maximum value of the first principal stress is mainly distributed on the surface of the broken pit.The ultra-high pressure bit is a six-blade bit with a row of smaller PDC composite cutters positioned behind the main cutters.The ultra-high pressure nozzle is positioned behind the PDC cutter and the blade,and the outlet angle is 13°forward along the bit rotation direction.The test results of ultra-high pressure jet bit showed that the average rate of penetration(ROP)was increased by 71.95%compared with the adjacent well under the same operating condition.

关 键 词：超高压射流 破岩特性 钻头设计 水力结构 现场试验 

分 类 号：TE248[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]